PowerShell 技能连载 - 查找系统路径

有时，脚本需要知道用户桌面或开始菜单等的路径。这些路径可能会有所不同，尤其是在用户使用 OneDrive 时。要找到当前系统路径，请使用以下代码：

PS> [Environment]::GetFolderPath('Desktop')
C:\Users\tobia\OneDrive\Desktop

您可以使用 [System.Environment+SpecialFolder] 类型中定义的所有常量：

PS> [Enum]::GetNames([System.Environment+SpecialFolder])
Desktop
Programs
MyDocuments
Personal
Favorites
Startup
Recent
SendTo
StartMenu
MyMusic
MyVideos
DesktopDirectory
MyComputer
NetworkShortcuts
Fonts
Templates
CommonStartMenu
CommonPrograms
CommonStartup
CommonDesktopDirectory
ApplicationData
PrinterShortcuts
LocalApplicationData
InternetCache
Cookies
History

CommonApplicationData
Windows
System
ProgramFiles
MyPictures
UserProfile
SystemX86
ProgramFilesX86
CommonProgramFiles
CommonProgramFilesX86
CommonTemplates
CommonDocuments
CommonAdminTools
AdminTools
CommonMusic
CommonPictures
CommonVideos
Resources
LocalizedResources
CommonOemLinks
CDBurning

如果您知道该路径，并且想知道是否有可以使用的已注册系统路径，请尝试相反的方法并转储所有文件夹常量及其关联的路径：

[Enum]::GetNames([System.Environment+SpecialFolder]) |
    ForEach-Object {
    # ...for each, create a new object with the constant, the associated path
    # and the code required to get that path
    [PSCustomObject]@{
        Name = $_
        Path = [Environment]::GetFolderPath($_)
    }
    }

结果看起来像这样：

Name                   Path
----                   ----
Desktop                C:\Users\tobia\OneDrive\Desktop
Programs               C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Pr...
MyDocuments            C:\Users\tobia\OneDrive\Dokumente
Personal               C:\Users\tobia\OneDrive\Dokumente
Favorites              C:\Users\tobia\Favorites
Startup                C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Pr...
Recent                 C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Recent
SendTo                 C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\SendTo
StartMenu              C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu
MyMusic                C:\Users\tobia\Music
MyVideos               C:\Users\tobia\Videos
DesktopDirectory       C:\Users\tobia\OneDrive\Desktop
MyComputer
NetworkShortcuts       C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Network Short...
Fonts                  C:\WINDOWS\Fonts
Templates              C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Templates
CommonStartMenu        C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu
CommonPrograms         C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs
CommonStartup          C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup
CommonDesktopDirectory C:\Users\Public\Desktop
ApplicationData        C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming
PrinterShortcuts       C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Printer Short...
LocalApplicationData   C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Local
InternetCache          C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\INetCache
Cookies                C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\INetCookies
History                C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\History
CommonApplicationData  C:\ProgramData
Windows                C:\WINDOWS
System                 C:\WINDOWS\system32
ProgramFiles           C:\Program Files
MyPictures             C:\Users\tobia\OneDrive\Bilder
UserProfile            C:\Users\tobia
SystemX86              C:\WINDOWS\SysWOW64
ProgramFilesX86        C:\Program Files (x86)
CommonProgramFiles     C:\Program Files\Common Files
CommonProgramFilesX86  C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files
CommonTemplates        C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Templates
CommonDocuments        C:\Users\Public\Documents
CommonAdminTools       C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Administr...
AdminTools             C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Pr...
CommonMusic            C:\Users\Public\Music
CommonPictures         C:\Users\Public\Pictures
CommonVideos           C:\Users\Public\Videos
Resources              C:\WINDOWS\resources
LocalizedResources
CommonOemLinks
CDBurning              C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Burn\Burn   #