在 Windows 上,PowerShell 带有用于自动化内置防病毒引擎 “Defender” 的 cmdlet。在第二部分中,让我们看看如何找出在您的计算机上活动的防病毒设置:
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| PS C:\> Get-MpPreference
AllowDatagramProcessingOnWinServer : False AllowNetworkProtectionDownLevel : False AllowNetworkProtectionOnWinServer : False AllowSwitchToAsyncInspection : False AttackSurfaceReductionOnlyExclusions : {N/A: Must be and administrator to view exclusions} AttackSurfaceReductionRules_Actions : AttackSurfaceReductionRules_Ids : CheckForSignaturesBeforeRunningScan : False CloudBlockLevel : 1 CloudExtendedTimeout : 1 ComputerID : 7AB83555-0B97-47C7-A67C-8778E4757F65 ControlledFolderAccessAllowedApplications : {N/A: Must be and administrator to view exclusions} ControlledFolderAccessProtectedFolders : DefinitionUpdatesChannel : 0 DisableArchiveScanning : False DisableAutoExclusions : False DisableBehaviorMonitoring : False DisableBlockAtFirstSeen : False DisableCatchupFullScan : True DisableCatchupQuickScan : True DisableCpuThrottleOnIdleScans : True DisableDatagramProcessing : False DisableDnsOverTcpParsing : False DisableDnsParsing : False DisableEmailScanning : True DisableFtpParsing : False DisableGradualRelease : False DisableHttpParsing : False DisableInboundConnectionFiltering : False DisableIOAVProtection : False DisableNetworkProtectionPerfTelemetry : False DisablePrivacyMode : False DisableRdpParsing : False DisableRealtimeMonitoring : False DisableRemovableDriveScanning : True DisableRestorePoint : True DisableScanningMappedNetworkDrivesForFullScan : True DisableScanningNetworkFiles : False DisableScriptScanning : False DisableSmtpParsing : False DisableSshParsing : False DisableTlsParsing : False EnableControlledFolderAccess : 0 EnableDnsSinkhole : True EnableFileHashComputation : False EnableFullScanOnBatteryPower : False EnableLowCpuPriority : False EnableNetworkProtection : 0 EngineUpdatesChannel : 0 ExclusionExtension : {N/A: Must be and administrator to view exclusions} ExclusionIpAddress : {N/A: Must be and administrator to view exclusions} ExclusionPath : {N/A: Must be and administrator to view exclusions} ExclusionProcess : {N/A: Must be and administrator to view exclusions} ForceUseProxyOnly : False HighThreatDefaultAction : 0 IntelTDTEnabled : True LowThreatDefaultAction : 0 MAPSReporting : 2 MeteredConnectionUpdates : False ModerateThreatDefaultAction : 0 PlatformUpdatesChannel : 0 ProxyBypass : ProxyPacUrl : ProxyServer : PUAProtection : 1 QuarantinePurgeItemsAfterDelay : 90 RandomizeScheduleTaskTimes : True RealTimeScanDirection : 0 RemediationScheduleDay : 0 RemediationScheduleTime : 02:00:00 ReportDynamicSignatureDroppedEvent : False ReportingAdditionalActionTimeOut : 10080 ReportingCriticalFailureTimeOut : 10080 ReportingNonCriticalTimeOut : 1440 ScanAvgCPULoadFactor : 50 ScanOnlyIfIdleEnabled : True ScanParameters : 1 ScanPurgeItemsAfterDelay : 10 ScanScheduleDay : 0 ScanScheduleOffset : 120 ScanScheduleQuickScanTime : 00:00:00 ScanScheduleTime : 02:00:00 SchedulerRandomizationTime : 4 ServiceHealthReportInterval : 60 SevereThreatDefaultAction : 0 SharedSignaturesPath : SignatureAuGracePeriod : 0 SignatureBlobFileSharesSources : SignatureBlobUpdateInterval : 60 SignatureDefinitionUpdateFileSharesSources : SignatureDisableUpdateOnStartupWithoutEngine : False SignatureFallbackOrder : MicrosoftUpdateServer|MMPC SignatureFirstAuGracePeriod : 120 SignatureScheduleDay : 8 SignatureScheduleTime : 01:45:00 SignatureUpdateCatchupInterval : 1 SignatureUpdateInterval : 0 SubmitSamplesConsent : 1 ThreatIDDefaultAction_Actions : {6} ThreatIDDefaultAction_Ids : {311978} ThrottleForScheduledScanOnly : True TrustLabelProtectionStatus : 0 UILockdown : False UnknownThreatDefaultAction : 0 PSComputerName :
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从结果中可以看到,一些设置是受保护的,需要管理员权限才能查询。
如果您想更改防病毒软件设置,只需使用 Set-MpPreference
命令。
当然,您可以使用 Select-Object
命令过滤返回的信息以回答特定问题,但如果您想根据值过滤信息怎么办?比如说,您需要一份当前关闭的所有功能的列表?
以下是一种聪明的方法,使用底层的 PSObject 列出所有属性的名称,然后根据它们的值进行过滤:
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| $preference = Get-MpPreference [PSObject]$psObject = $preference.PSObject $psObject.Properties | Where-Object { $_.Value -is [bool] -and $_.Value -eq $true } | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Name
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同样,下面的代码列出了所有当前已禁用的属性(值为 $false
):
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| $preference = Get-MpPreference [PSObject]$psObject = $preference.PSObject $psObject.Properties | Where-Object { $_.Value -is [bool] -and $_.Value -eq $false } | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Name
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由于上述方法可以根据任何属性值进行过滤,因此您可以轻松地调整它,例如只转储包含小于 500 的 [byte]
属性:
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| $preference = Get-MpPreference [PSObject]$psObject = $preference.PSObject $psObject.Properties | Where-Object { $_.Value -is [byte] -and $_.Value -lt 500 } | Select-Object -Property Name, Value
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以下是执行结果:
Name Value
---- -----
CloudBlockLevel 1
DefinitionUpdatesChannel 0
EnableControlledFolderAccess 0
EnableNetworkProtection 0
EngineUpdatesChannel 0
HighThreatDefaultAction 0
LowThreatDefaultAction 0
MAPSReporting 2
ModerateThreatDefaultAction 0
PlatformUpdatesChannel 0
PUAProtection 1
RealTimeScanDirection 0
RemediationScheduleDay 0
ScanAvgCPULoadFactor 50
ScanParameters 1
ScanScheduleDay 0
SevereThreatDefaultAction 0
SignatureScheduleDay 8
SubmitSamplesConsent 1
UnknownThreatDefaultAction 0
现在,我们总结一下:通过将代码封装在函数中,您使代码可以重复使用,自动添加可扩展性(在上面的示例中,我们现在可以在同一个调用中转换一个或数千个字符串),并且您的生产脚本代码变得更短,可以集中精力完成真正想要实现的任务。
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| PS C:\> Get-Command -Module ConfigDefender
CommandType Name Version Source ----------- ---- ------- ------ Function Add-MpPreference 1.0 ConfigDefender Function Get-MpComputerStatus 1.0 ConfigDefender Function Get-MpPreference 1.0 ConfigDefender Function Get-MpThreat 1.0 ConfigDefender Function Get-MpThreatCatalog 1.0 ConfigDefender Function Get-MpThreatDetection 1.0 ConfigDefender Function Remove-MpPreference 1.0 ConfigDefender Function Remove-MpThreat 1.0 ConfigDefender Function Set-MpPreference 1.0 ConfigDefender Function Start-MpRollback 1.0 ConfigDefender Function Start-MpScan 1.0 ConfigDefender Function Start-MpWDOScan 1.0 ConfigDefender Function Update-MpSignature 1.0 ConfigDefender
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