在PowerShell Core的支持下，我们可以实现更高级的跨平台功能。本文将介绍如何在Windows、Linux和macOS上实现GUI开发、数据库操作、网络编程、文件系统监控和日志管理等高级功能。
跨平台GUI开发
使用.NET Core的跨平台GUI框架，我们可以创建在多个平台上运行的图形界面：
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| function New-CrossPlatformGUI {
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
[string]$Title,
[Parameter()]
[int]$Width = 800,
[Parameter()]
[int]$Height = 600,
[Parameter()]
[scriptblock]$OnLoad,
[Parameter()]
[scriptblock]$OnClose
)
try {
if (-not (Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name "Avalonia")) {
Write-Host "正在安装Avalonia模块..."
Install-Module -Name "Avalonia" -Scope CurrentUser -Force
}
$window = New-Object Avalonia.Window
$window.Title = $Title
$window.Width = $Width
$window.Height = $Height
$grid = New-Object Avalonia.Controls.Grid
$grid.RowDefinitions.Add("Auto")
$grid.RowDefinitions.Add("*")
$titleBar = New-Object Avalonia.Controls.TextBlock
$titleBar.Text = $Title
$titleBar.FontSize = 16
$titleBar.Margin = "10"
$grid.Children.Add($titleBar)
$content = New-Object Avalonia.Controls.StackPanel
$grid.Children.Add($content)
$window.Content = $grid
if ($OnLoad) {
$window.Loaded += $OnLoad
}
if ($OnClose) {
$window.Closing += $OnClose
}
$window.Show()
return $window
}
catch {
Write-Error "创建GUI失败：$_"
return $null
}
}
$window = New-CrossPlatformGUI -Title "跨平台PowerShell应用" `
-Width 400 `
-Height 300 `
-OnLoad {
Write-Host "窗口已加载"
} `
-OnClose {
Write-Host "窗口已关闭"
}
|
跨平台数据库操作
使用.NET Core的数据库提供程序，我们可以实现跨平台的数据库操作：
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| function Connect-CrossPlatformDatabase {
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
[ValidateSet("SQLite", "PostgreSQL", "MySQL", "MongoDB")]
[string]$DatabaseType,
[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
[string]$ConnectionString,
[Parameter()]
[switch]$UseConnectionPooling
)
try {
$connection = $null
switch ($DatabaseType) {
"SQLite" {
$connection = New-Object Microsoft.Data.Sqlite.SqliteConnection($ConnectionString)
}
"PostgreSQL" {
$connection = New-Object Npgsql.NpgsqlConnection($ConnectionString)
}
"MySQL" {
$connection = New-Object MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlConnection($ConnectionString)
}
"MongoDB" {
$connection = New-Object MongoDB.Driver.MongoClient($ConnectionString)
}
}
if ($UseConnectionPooling) {
$connection.ConnectionString += ";Pooling=true"
}
$connection.Open()
Write-Host "成功连接到 $DatabaseType 数据库" -ForegroundColor Green
return $connection
}
catch {
Write-Error "数据库连接失败：$_"
return $null
}
}
function Invoke-CrossPlatformQuery {
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
$Connection,
[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
[string]$Query,
[Parameter()]
[hashtable]$Parameters
)
try {
$command = $Connection.CreateCommand()
$command.CommandText = $Query
if ($Parameters) {
foreach ($param in $Parameters.GetEnumerator()) {
$dbParam = $command.CreateParameter()
$dbParam.ParameterName = $param.Key
$dbParam.Value = $param.Value
$command.Parameters.Add($dbParam)
}
}
$result = $command.ExecuteReader()
$dataTable = New-Object System.Data.DataTable
$dataTable.Load($result)
return $dataTable
}
catch {
Write-Error "查询执行失败：$_"
return $null
}
}
$connection = Connect-CrossPlatformDatabase -DatabaseType "SQLite" `
-ConnectionString "Data Source=test.db" `
-UseConnectionPooling
$result = Invoke-CrossPlatformQuery -Connection $connection `
-Query "SELECT * FROM Users WHERE Age > @Age" `
-Parameters @{
"Age" = 18
}
|
跨平台网络编程
使用.NET Core的网络库，我们可以实现跨平台的网络通信：
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| function New-CrossPlatformWebServer {
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
[string]$Url,
[Parameter()]
[scriptblock]$RequestHandler,
[Parameter()]
[int]$MaxConnections = 100
)
try {
$listener = New-Object System.Net.HttpListener
$listener.Prefixes.Add($Url)
$listener.Start()
Write-Host "Web服务器已启动，监听地址：$Url" -ForegroundColor Green
while ($true) {
$context = $listener.GetContext()
$request = $context.Request
$response = $context.Response
if ($RequestHandler) {
$RequestHandler.Invoke($request, $response)
}
else {
$response.StatusCode = 200
$response.ContentType = "text/plain"
$responseString = "Hello from PowerShell Web Server!"
$buffer = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($responseString)
$response.ContentLength64 = $buffer.Length
$response.OutputStream.Write($buffer, 0, $buffer.Length)
}
$response.Close()
}
}
catch {
Write-Error "Web服务器启动失败：$_"
return $null
}
}
function Send-CrossPlatformHttpRequest {
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
[string]$Url,
[Parameter()]
[ValidateSet("GET", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE")]
[string]$Method = "GET",
[Parameter()]
[hashtable]$Headers,
[Parameter()]
[string]$Body
)
try {
$client = New-Object System.Net.Http.HttpClient
if ($Headers) {
foreach ($header in $Headers.GetEnumerator()) {
$client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add($header.Key, $header.Value)
}
}
$request = New-Object System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage($Method, $Url)
if ($Body) {
$request.Content = New-Object System.Net.Http.StringContent($Body)
}
$response = $client.SendAsync($request).Result
$responseContent = $response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result
return [PSCustomObject]@{
StatusCode = $response.StatusCode
Content = $responseContent
Headers = $response.Headers
}
}
catch {
Write-Error "HTTP请求失败：$_"
return $null
}
}
$server = Start-Job -ScriptBlock {
New-CrossPlatformWebServer -Url "http://localhost:8080/" `
-RequestHandler {
param($request, $response)
$responseString = "收到请求：$($request.Url)"
$buffer = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($responseString)
$response.ContentLength64 = $buffer.Length
$response.OutputStream.Write($buffer, 0, $buffer.Length)
}
}
Start-Sleep -Seconds 2
$result = Send-CrossPlatformHttpRequest -Url "http://localhost:8080/" `
-Method "GET" `
-Headers @{
"User-Agent" = "PowerShell Client"
}
|
跨平台文件系统监控
使用.NET Core的文件系统监控功能，我们可以实现跨平台的文件系统事件监控：
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| function Start-CrossPlatformFileWatcher {
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
[string]$Path,
[Parameter()]
[ValidateSet("Created", "Changed", "Deleted", "Renamed", "All")]
[string[]]$Events = @("All"),
[Parameter()]
[string]$Filter = "*.*",
[Parameter()]
[switch]$IncludeSubdirectories,
[Parameter()]
[scriptblock]$OnEvent
)
try {
$watcher = New-Object System.IO.FileSystemWatcher
$watcher.Path = $Path
$watcher.Filter = $Filter
$watcher.IncludeSubdirectories = $IncludeSubdirectories
$watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = $true
if ($Events -contains "All" -or $Events -contains "Created") {
$watcher.Created += {
if ($OnEvent) {
$OnEvent.Invoke("Created", $EventArgs)
}
}
}
if ($Events -contains "All" -or $Events -contains "Changed") {
$watcher.Changed += {
if ($OnEvent) {
$OnEvent.Invoke("Changed", $EventArgs)
}
}
}
if ($Events -contains "All" -or $Events -contains "Deleted") {
$watcher.Deleted += {
if ($OnEvent) {
$OnEvent.Invoke("Deleted", $EventArgs)
}
}
}
if ($Events -contains "All" -or $Events -contains "Renamed") {
$watcher.Renamed += {
if ($OnEvent) {
$OnEvent.Invoke("Renamed", $EventArgs)
}
}
}
Write-Host "文件系统监控已启动，监控路径：$Path" -ForegroundColor Green
return $watcher
}
catch {
Write-Error "文件系统监控启动失败：$_"
return $null
}
}
$watcher = Start-CrossPlatformFileWatcher -Path "C:\Temp" `
-Events @("Created", "Changed", "Deleted") `
-Filter "*.txt" `
-IncludeSubdirectories `
-OnEvent {
param($eventType, $eventArgs)
Write-Host "检测到文件系统事件：$eventType" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Write-Host "文件路径：$($eventArgs.FullPath)" -ForegroundColor Cyan
}
|
跨平台日志管理
使用.NET Core的日志框架，我们可以实现跨平台的日志管理：
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| function New-CrossPlatformLogger {
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
[string]$LogPath,
[Parameter()]
[ValidateSet("Debug", "Info", "Warning", "Error", "Critical")]
[string]$LogLevel = "Info",
[Parameter()]
[switch]$EnableConsoleOutput,
[Parameter()]
[switch]$EnableFileOutput,
[Parameter()]
[switch]$EnableJsonFormat
)
try {
$logger = [PSCustomObject]@{
LogPath = $LogPath
LogLevel = $LogLevel
EnableConsoleOutput = $EnableConsoleOutput
EnableFileOutput = $EnableFileOutput
EnableJsonFormat = $EnableJsonFormat
LogLevels = @{
"Debug" = 0
"Info" = 1
"Warning" = 2
"Error" = 3
"Critical" = 4
}
}
if ($EnableFileOutput) {
$logDir = Split-Path -Parent $LogPath
if (-not (Test-Path $logDir)) {
New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $logDir -Force | Out-Null
}
}
$logger | Add-Member -MemberType ScriptMethod -Name "Log" -Value {
param(
[string]$Level,
[string]$Message,
[hashtable]$Properties
)
if ($this.LogLevels[$Level] -ge $this.LogLevels[$this.LogLevel]) {
$timestamp = Get-Date -Format "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff"
$logEntry = [PSCustomObject]@{
Timestamp = $timestamp
Level = $Level
Message = $Message
Properties = $Properties
}
if ($this.EnableJsonFormat) {
$logString = $logEntry | ConvertTo-Json
}
else {
$logString = "[$timestamp] [$Level] $Message"
if ($Properties) {
$logString += " | " + ($Properties.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object { "$($_.Key)=$($_.Value)" }) -join " "
}
}
if ($this.EnableConsoleOutput) {
switch ($Level) {
"Debug" { Write-Debug $logString }
"Info" { Write-Host $logString -ForegroundColor White }
"Warning" { Write-Host $logString -ForegroundColor Yellow }
"Error" { Write-Host $logString -ForegroundColor Red }
"Critical" { Write-Host $logString -ForegroundColor DarkRed }
}
}
if ($this.EnableFileOutput) {
$logString | Out-File -FilePath $this.LogPath -Append
}
}
}
return $logger
}
catch {
Write-Error "创建日志记录器失败：$_"
return $null
}
}
$logger = New-CrossPlatformLogger -LogPath "C:\Logs\app.log" `
-LogLevel "Info" `
-EnableConsoleOutput `
-EnableFileOutput `
-EnableJsonFormat
$logger.Log("Info", "应用程序启动", @{
"Version" = "1.0.0"
"Platform" = $PSVersionTable.Platform
})
$logger.Log("Warning", "磁盘空间不足", @{
"Drive" = "C:"
"FreeSpace" = "1.2GB"
})
|
最佳实践
- 使用.NET Core的跨平台API而不是平台特定API
- 实现优雅的错误处理和日志记录
- 使用连接池和资源管理
- 实现适当的超时和重试机制
- 使用异步操作提高性能
- 实现适当的清理和资源释放
- 使用配置文件管理设置
- 实现适当的权限检查
