PowerShell 技能连载 - Azure Functions 管理技巧

在 PowerShell 中管理 Azure Functions 是一项重要任务，本文将介绍一些实用的 Azure Functions 管理技巧。

首先，让我们看看基本的 Azure Functions 操作：

# 创建 Azure Functions 管理函数
function Manage-AzFunction {
    param(
        [string]$FunctionAppName,
        [string]$ResourceGroup,
        [string]$Location,
        [string]$Runtime,
        [string]$OS,
        [ValidateSet('Create', 'Update', 'Delete', 'Start', 'Stop')]
        [string]$Action
    )
    
    try {
        Import-Module Az.Functions
        
        switch ($Action) {
            'Create' {
                New-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup -Location $Location -Runtime $Runtime -OS $OS
                Write-Host "函数应用 $FunctionAppName 创建成功"
            }
            'Update' {
                Update-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup -Runtime $Runtime
                Write-Host "函数应用 $FunctionAppName 更新成功"
            }
            'Delete' {
                Remove-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup -Force
                Write-Host "函数应用 $FunctionAppName 删除成功"
            }
            'Start' {
                Start-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup
                Write-Host "函数应用 $FunctionAppName 已启动"
            }
            'Stop' {
                Stop-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup
                Write-Host "函数应用 $FunctionAppName 已停止"
            }
        }
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "Azure Functions 操作失败：$_"
    }
}

Azure Functions 配置管理：

# 创建 Azure Functions 配置管理函数
function Manage-AzFunctionConfig {
    param(
        [string]$FunctionAppName,
        [string]$ResourceGroup,
        [hashtable]$Settings,
        [ValidateSet('Get', 'Set', 'Remove')]
        [string]$Action
    )
    
    try {
        Import-Module Az.Functions
        
        switch ($Action) {
            'Get' {
                $config = Get-AzFunctionAppSetting -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup
                return $config
            }
            'Set' {
                $currentSettings = Get-AzFunctionAppSetting -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup
                $newSettings = @{}
                
                foreach ($setting in $Settings.GetEnumerator()) {
                    $newSettings[$setting.Key] = $setting.Value
                }
                
                Update-AzFunctionAppSetting -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup -AppSetting $newSettings
                Write-Host "函数应用配置已更新"
            }
            'Remove' {
                $currentSettings = Get-AzFunctionAppSetting -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup
                $settingsToKeep = @{}
                
                foreach ($setting in $currentSettings.GetEnumerator()) {
                    if (-not $Settings.ContainsKey($setting.Key)) {
                        $settingsToKeep[$setting.Key] = $setting.Value
                    }
                }
                
                Update-AzFunctionAppSetting -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup -AppSetting $settingsToKeep
                Write-Host "指定的配置项已移除"
            }
        }
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "配置管理失败：$_"
    }
}

Azure Functions 部署管理：

# 创建 Azure Functions 部署管理函数
function Manage-AzFunctionDeployment {
    param(
        [string]$FunctionAppName,
        [string]$ResourceGroup,
        [string]$PackagePath,
        [string]$Slot = "production",
        [ValidateSet('Deploy', 'Swap', 'Rollback')]
        [string]$Action
    )
    
    try {
        Import-Module Az.Functions
        
        switch ($Action) {
            'Deploy' {
                Publish-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup -Package $PackagePath -Slot $Slot
                Write-Host "函数应用已部署到 $Slot 槽位"
            }
            'Swap' {
                $stagingSlot = "staging"
                if ($Slot -eq "production") {
                    Swap-AzFunctionAppSlot -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup -SourceSlotName $stagingSlot -DestinationSlotName $Slot
                    Write-Host "已从 $stagingSlot 槽位交换到 $Slot 槽位"
                }
                else {
                    Swap-AzFunctionAppSlot -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup -SourceSlotName $Slot -DestinationSlotName "production"
                    Write-Host "已从 $Slot 槽位交换到 production 槽位"
                }
            }
            'Rollback' {
                $backupSlot = "backup"
                if (Test-AzFunctionAppSlot -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup -Slot $backupSlot) {
                    Swap-AzFunctionAppSlot -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup -SourceSlotName $backupSlot -DestinationSlotName $Slot
                    Write-Host "已从 $backupSlot 槽位回滚到 $Slot 槽位"
                }
                else {
                    throw "备份槽位不存在"
                }
            }
        }
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "部署管理失败：$_"
    }
}

Azure Functions 监控管理：

# 创建 Azure Functions 监控管理函数
function Monitor-AzFunction {
    param(
        [string]$FunctionAppName,
        [string]$ResourceGroup,
        [string]$FunctionName,
        [int]$Duration = 3600,
        [int]$Interval = 60
    )
    
    try {
        Import-Module Az.Functions
        Import-Module Az.Monitor
        
        $endTime = Get-Date
        $startTime = $endTime.AddSeconds(-$Duration)
        
        $metrics = @()
        $invocations = Get-AzMetric -ResourceId "/subscriptions/$subscriptionId/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.Web/sites/$FunctionAppName" -MetricName "FunctionExecutionUnits" -StartTime $startTime -EndTime $endTime -Interval $Interval
        
        foreach ($invocation in $invocations) {
            $metrics += [PSCustomObject]@{
                Time = $invocation.TimeStamp
                Value = $invocation.Average
                Count = $invocation.Count
            }
        }
        
        return [PSCustomObject]@{
            FunctionName = $FunctionName
            StartTime = $startTime
            EndTime = $endTime
            Metrics = $metrics
            AverageExecutionTime = ($metrics | Measure-Object -Property Value -Average).Average
            TotalInvocations = ($metrics | Measure-Object -Property Count -Sum).Sum
        }
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "监控管理失败：$_"
    }
}

Azure Functions 日志管理：

# 创建 Azure Functions 日志管理函数
function Get-AzFunctionLogs {
    param(
        [string]$FunctionAppName,
        [string]$ResourceGroup,
        [string]$FunctionName,
        [datetime]$StartTime,
        [datetime]$EndTime,
        [string]$LogLevel,
        [string]$OutputPath
    )
    
    try {
        Import-Module Az.Functions
        
        $logs = Get-AzFunctionAppLog -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroup -FunctionName $FunctionName -StartTime $StartTime -EndTime $EndTime
        
        if ($LogLevel) {
            $logs = $logs | Where-Object { $_.Level -eq $LogLevel }
        }
        
        $logs | Export-Csv -Path $OutputPath -NoTypeInformation
        
        return [PSCustomObject]@{
            TotalLogs = $logs.Count
            LogLevels = $logs.Level | Select-Object -Unique
            OutputPath = $OutputPath
        }
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "日志管理失败：$_"
    }
}

这些技巧将帮助您更有效地管理 Azure Functions。记住，在处理 Azure Functions 时，始终要注意安全性和性能。同时，建议使用适当的错误处理和日志记录机制来跟踪所有操作。