PowerShell 技能连载 - Azure Functions 管理技巧

在 PowerShell 中管理 Azure Functions 是一项重要任务，本文将介绍一些实用的 Azure Functions 管理技巧。

首先，让我们看看基本的 Azure Functions 操作：

# 创建 Azure Functions 信息获取函数
function Get-AzFunctionInfo {
    param(
        [string]$FunctionAppName,
        [string]$ResourceGroupName
    )
    
    try {
        $functionApp = Get-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName
        $functions = Get-AzFunction -FunctionAppName $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName
        
        return [PSCustomObject]@{
            Name = $functionApp.Name
            ResourceGroup = $functionApp.ResourceGroup
            Location = $functionApp.Location
            Runtime = $functionApp.Runtime
            OS = $functionApp.OSType
            State = $functionApp.State
            FunctionCount = $functions.Count
            Functions = $functions | ForEach-Object {
                [PSCustomObject]@{
                    Name = $_.Name
                    Trigger = $_.Trigger
                    Status = $_.Status
                }
            }
        }
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "获取函数应用信息失败：$_"
    }
}

Azure Functions 部署：

# 创建 Azure Functions 部署函数
function Deploy-AzFunction {
    param(
        [string]$FunctionAppName,
        [string]$ResourceGroupName,
        [string]$PackagePath,
        [string]$Runtime,
        [hashtable]$AppSettings
    )
    
    try {
        # 创建部署包
        $zipPath = "$PackagePath.zip"
        Compress-Archive -Path $PackagePath -DestinationPath $zipPath -Force
        
        # 部署函数应用
        $functionApp = New-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName `
            -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName `
            -Runtime $Runtime `
            -StorageAccountName (New-AzStorageAccount -Name "$($FunctionAppName)storage" `
                -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName `
                -Location (Get-AzResourceGroup -Name $ResourceGroupName).Location `
                -SkuName Standard_LRS).StorageAccountName `
            -FunctionsVersion 4 `
            -OSType Windows `
            -RuntimeVersion 7.0 `
            -AppSettings $AppSettings
        
        # 部署函数代码
        Publish-AzWebApp -Name $FunctionAppName `
            -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName `
            -ArchivePath $zipPath
        
        # 清理临时文件
        Remove-Item $zipPath
        
        Write-Host "函数应用部署完成"
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "部署失败：$_"
    }
}

Azure Functions 监控：

# 创建 Azure Functions 监控函数
function Monitor-AzFunction {
    param(
        [string]$FunctionAppName,
        [string]$ResourceGroupName,
        [int]$Interval = 60,
        [int]$Duration = 3600
    )
    
    try {
        $startTime = Get-Date
        $metrics = @()
        
        while ((Get-Date) - $startTime).TotalSeconds -lt $Duration {
            $invocations = Get-AzMetric -ResourceId (Get-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName).Id `
                -MetricName "FunctionExecutionUnits" `
                -TimeGrain 1 `
                -StartTime (Get-Date).AddMinutes(-5) `
                -EndTime (Get-Date)
            
            $errors = Get-AzMetric -ResourceId (Get-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName).Id `
                -MetricName "FunctionExecutionCount" `
                -TimeGrain 1 `
                -StartTime (Get-Date).AddMinutes(-5) `
                -EndTime (Get-Date)
            
            $metrics += [PSCustomObject]@{
                Timestamp = Get-Date
                Invocations = $invocations.Data | Measure-Object -Property Total -Sum | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Sum
                Errors = $errors.Data | Measure-Object -Property Total -Sum | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Sum
                MemoryUsage = Get-AzMetric -ResourceId (Get-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName).Id `
                    -MetricName "MemoryUsage" `
                    -TimeGrain 1 `
                    -StartTime (Get-Date).AddMinutes(-5) `
                    -EndTime (Get-Date) |
                    Select-Object -ExpandProperty Data |
                    Measure-Object -Property Total -Average |
                    Select-Object -ExpandProperty Average
            }
            
            Start-Sleep -Seconds $Interval
        }
        
        return $metrics
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "监控失败：$_"
    }
}

Azure Functions 日志收集：

# 创建 Azure Functions 日志收集函数
function Get-AzFunctionLogs {
    param(
        [string]$FunctionAppName,
        [string]$ResourceGroupName,
        [string]$FunctionName,
        [datetime]$StartTime,
        [datetime]$EndTime,
        [ValidateSet("Information", "Warning", "Error")]
        [string[]]$LogLevels
    )
    
    try {
        $logs = Get-AzLog -ResourceId (Get-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName).Id `
            -StartTime $StartTime `
            -EndTime $EndTime
        
        if ($FunctionName) {
            $logs = $logs | Where-Object { $_.ResourceName -eq $FunctionName }
        }
        
        if ($LogLevels) {
            $logs = $logs | Where-Object { $_.Level -in $LogLevels }
        }
        
        return [PSCustomObject]@{
            FunctionApp = $FunctionAppName
            Function = $FunctionName
            Logs = $logs
            Summary = [PSCustomObject]@{
                TotalCount = $logs.Count
                ByLevel = $logs | Group-Object Level | ForEach-Object {
                    [PSCustomObject]@{
                        Level = $_.Name
                        Count = $_.Count
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "日志收集失败：$_"
    }
}

Azure Functions 配置管理：

# 创建 Azure Functions 配置管理函数
function Manage-AzFunctionConfig {
    param(
        [string]$FunctionAppName,
        [string]$ResourceGroupName,
        [hashtable]$AppSettings,
        [switch]$RemoveUnspecified
    )
    
    try {
        $functionApp = Get-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName
        
        if ($RemoveUnspecified) {
            # 删除未指定的设置
            $currentSettings = $functionApp.AppSettings
            $currentSettings.Keys | ForEach-Object {
                if (-not $AppSettings.ContainsKey($_)) {
                    $AppSettings[$_] = $null
                }
            }
        }
        
        # 更新应用设置
        Update-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName `
            -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName `
            -AppSettings $AppSettings
        
        Write-Host "配置更新完成"
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "配置更新失败：$_"
    }
}

这些技巧将帮助您更有效地管理 Azure Functions。记住，在处理 Azure Functions 时，始终要注意应用的安全性和性能。同时，建议使用适当的监控和日志记录机制来跟踪函数的运行状态。