# 基础过滤示例
Get-Process | Where-Object {$_.CPU -gt 100} | Select-Object Name,ID

# 链式处理演示
1..10 | ForEach-Object {$_*2} | Where-Object {$_ % 3 -eq 0}

# 低效的管道使用
Get-ChildItem | ForEach-Object {
    if ($_.Extension -eq '.log') {
        $_.Name
    }
}

# 优化后的版本
Get-ChildItem -Filter *.log | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Name

# 集合遍历优化
$processList = Get-Process
foreach ($process in $processList.Where{ $_.CPU -gt 100 }) {
    "高CPU进程: $($process.Name)"
}

# 并行处理演示
1..10 | ForEach-Object -Parallel {
    "任务 $_ 开始于: $(Get-Date)"
    Start-Sleep -Seconds 1
}

# 多条件筛选模式
$score = 85
switch ($score) {
    { $_ -ge 90 } { "优秀" }
    { $_ -ge 75 } { "良好" }
    default { "待提高" }
}

# 带参数验证的函数示例
function Get-Volume {
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)]
        [ValidatePattern('^[A-Z]:$')]
        $DriveLetter
    )
    Get-PSDrive $DriveLetter
}

# 未处理的参数类型错误
function Add-Numbers {
    param($a, $b)
    $a + $b
}
Add-Numbers -a '1' -b 2  # 输出12

# 正确的类型强制转换
function Add-Integers {
    param(
        [int]$a,
        [int]$b
    )
    $a + $b
}

# 设置行号断点
Set-PSBreakpoint -Script test.ps1 -Line 15

# 条件断点演示
Set-PSBreakpoint -Script test.ps1 -Line 20 -Action {
    if ($_.Count -gt 100) { break }
}

# 调试模式查看变量
$DebugPreference = 'Continue'
$processList = Get-Process
Write-Debug "当前进程数量: $($processList.Count)"

# 使用调试控制台
function Test-Function {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    $private:counter = 0
    # 在调试器中输入 $private:counter 查看私有变量
}

# 邮箱验证模式
$emailPattern = '^[a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+.[a-zA-Z]{2,}$'

# 使用-match运算符
'user@domain.com' -match $emailPattern

# 电话号码格式标准化
$text = '联系客服：138-1234-5678'
$text -replace 'D','' -replace '(d{3})(d{4})(d{4})','$1 $2 $3'

# 数组创建与扩展
$numbers = 1..5
$numbers += 6
$numbers.Where{ $_ -gt 3 }

# 哈希表快速构建
$profile = @{Name='张三'; Role='开发者'}
$profile.Keys | ForEach-Object { "$_ : $($profile[$_])" }

# 使用ArrayList提升性能
$list = [System.Collections.ArrayList]::new()
1..10000 | ForEach-Object { $null = $list.Add($_) }

# 泛型列表应用
$genericList = [System.Collections.Generic.List[int]]::new()
$genericList.AddRange((1..100))

# 隐式转换示例
$num = "123" + 456  # 自动转为字符串拼接
Write-Host $num    # 输出123456

# 显式转换最佳实践
[int]$count = [convert]::ToInt32("789", 10)
$count.GetType().Name  # 输出Int32

# 文化格式导致的转换失败
$value = "1,234"
try {
    [int]::Parse($value)
} catch {
    Write-Host "需指定NumberStyles.AllowThousands"
}

# 空值转换陷阱
$null -as [int]  # 返回$null而非0
[int]$undefined  # 触发运行时错误

# 基础函数示例
function Get-SystemInfo {
    param($ComputerName = $env:COMPUTERNAME)
    Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_ComputerSystem -ComputerName $ComputerName
}

# 调用带参数的函数
Get-SystemInfo -ComputerName Localhost

function Set-DiskSpace {
    param(
        [ValidateRange(10GB,100GB)]
        [int]$MinSize
    )
    Get-Volume | Where-Object SizeRemaining -lt $MinSize
}

# 查看函数定义
Get-Command Get-SystemInfo -Syntax

# 跟踪函数执行
Set-PSDebug -Trace 2
Get-SystemInfo

# 终止错误示例
1/0

# 非终止错误示例
Write-Error "操作警告"

try {
    Get-Content -Path "不存在文件.txt" -ErrorAction Stop
}
catch [System.Management.Automation.ItemNotFoundException] {
    Write-Host "文件未找到：$($_.Exception.Message)"
}
finally {
    Write-Host "清理完成"
}

# 基础数组创建
$numbers = 1,2,3,4,5
$letters = @('a','b','c')

# 多维数组示例
$matrix = @(
    @(1,2,3),
    @(4,5,6)
)
Write-Host $matrix[1][0] # 输出4

# 预分配大数组
$bigArray = New-Object object[] 10000

# 使用ArrayList动态操作
$list = [System.Collections.ArrayList]::new()
$list.AddRange(1..1000)

# CSV数据处理
Import-Csv data.csv | ForEach-Object {
    $_.Prices = [double[]]$_.Prices.Split('|')
}