发表更新powershell / tip5 分钟读完 (大约683个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - Azure Functions 管理技巧

在 PowerShell 中管理 Azure Functions 是一项重要任务，本文将介绍一些实用的 Azure Functions 管理技巧。

首先，让我们看看基本的 Azure Functions 操作：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
# 创建 Azure Functions 信息获取函数
function Get-AzFunctionInfo {
    param(
        [string]$FunctionAppName,
        [string]$ResourceGroupName
    )
    
    try {
        $functionApp = Get-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName
        $functions = Get-AzFunction -FunctionAppName $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName
        
        return [PSCustomObject]@{
            Name = $functionApp.Name
            ResourceGroup = $functionApp.ResourceGroup
            Location = $functionApp.Location
            Runtime = $functionApp.Runtime
            OS = $functionApp.OSType
            State = $functionApp.State
            FunctionCount = $functions.Count
            Functions = $functions | ForEach-Object {
                [PSCustomObject]@{
                    Name = $_.Name
                    Trigger = $_.Trigger
                    Status = $_.Status
                }
            }
        }
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "获取函数应用信息失败：$_"
    }
}

Azure Functions 部署：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
# 创建 Azure Functions 部署函数
function Deploy-AzFunction {
    param(
        [string]$FunctionAppName,
        [string]$ResourceGroupName,
        [string]$PackagePath,
        [string]$Runtime,
        [hashtable]$AppSettings
    )
    
    try {
        # 创建部署包
        $zipPath = "$PackagePath.zip"
        Compress-Archive -Path $PackagePath -DestinationPath $zipPath -Force
        
        # 部署函数应用
        $functionApp = New-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName `
            -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName `
            -Runtime $Runtime `
            -StorageAccountName (New-AzStorageAccount -Name "$($FunctionAppName)storage" `
                -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName `
                -Location (Get-AzResourceGroup -Name $ResourceGroupName).Location `
                -SkuName Standard_LRS).StorageAccountName `
            -FunctionsVersion 4 `
            -OSType Windows `
            -RuntimeVersion 7.0 `
            -AppSettings $AppSettings
        
        # 部署函数代码
        Publish-AzWebApp -Name $FunctionAppName `
            -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName `
            -ArchivePath $zipPath
        
        # 清理临时文件
        Remove-Item $zipPath
        
        Write-Host "函数应用部署完成"
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "部署失败：$_"
    }
}

Azure Functions 监控：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
# 创建 Azure Functions 监控函数
function Monitor-AzFunction {
    param(
        [string]$FunctionAppName,
        [string]$ResourceGroupName,
        [int]$Interval = 60,
        [int]$Duration = 3600
    )
    
    try {
        $startTime = Get-Date
        $metrics = @()
        
        while ((Get-Date) - $startTime).TotalSeconds -lt $Duration {
            $invocations = Get-AzMetric -ResourceId (Get-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName).Id `
                -MetricName "FunctionExecutionUnits" `
                -TimeGrain 1 `
                -StartTime (Get-Date).AddMinutes(-5) `
                -EndTime (Get-Date)
            
            $errors = Get-AzMetric -ResourceId (Get-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName).Id `
                -MetricName "FunctionExecutionCount" `
                -TimeGrain 1 `
                -StartTime (Get-Date).AddMinutes(-5) `
                -EndTime (Get-Date)
            
            $metrics += [PSCustomObject]@{
                Timestamp = Get-Date
                Invocations = $invocations.Data | Measure-Object -Property Total -Sum | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Sum
                Errors = $errors.Data | Measure-Object -Property Total -Sum | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Sum
                MemoryUsage = Get-AzMetric -ResourceId (Get-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName).Id `
                    -MetricName "MemoryUsage" `
                    -TimeGrain 1 `
                    -StartTime (Get-Date).AddMinutes(-5) `
                    -EndTime (Get-Date) |
                    Select-Object -ExpandProperty Data |
                    Measure-Object -Property Total -Average |
                    Select-Object -ExpandProperty Average
            }
            
            Start-Sleep -Seconds $Interval
        }
        
        return $metrics
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "监控失败：$_"
    }
}

Azure Functions 日志收集：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
# 创建 Azure Functions 日志收集函数
function Get-AzFunctionLogs {
    param(
        [string]$FunctionAppName,
        [string]$ResourceGroupName,
        [string]$FunctionName,
        [datetime]$StartTime,
        [datetime]$EndTime,
        [ValidateSet("Information", "Warning", "Error")]
        [string[]]$LogLevels
    )
    
    try {
        $logs = Get-AzLog -ResourceId (Get-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName).Id `
            -StartTime $StartTime `
            -EndTime $EndTime
        
        if ($FunctionName) {
            $logs = $logs | Where-Object { $_.ResourceName -eq $FunctionName }
        }
        
        if ($LogLevels) {
            $logs = $logs | Where-Object { $_.Level -in $LogLevels }
        }
        
        return [PSCustomObject]@{
            FunctionApp = $FunctionAppName
            Function = $FunctionName
            Logs = $logs
            Summary = [PSCustomObject]@{
                TotalCount = $logs.Count
                ByLevel = $logs | Group-Object Level | ForEach-Object {
                    [PSCustomObject]@{
                        Level = $_.Name
                        Count = $_.Count
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "日志收集失败：$_"
    }
}

Azure Functions 配置管理：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
# 创建 Azure Functions 配置管理函数
function Manage-AzFunctionConfig {
    param(
        [string]$FunctionAppName,
        [string]$ResourceGroupName,
        [hashtable]$AppSettings,
        [switch]$RemoveUnspecified
    )
    
    try {
        $functionApp = Get-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName
        
        if ($RemoveUnspecified) {
            # 删除未指定的设置
            $currentSettings = $functionApp.AppSettings
            $currentSettings.Keys | ForEach-Object {
                if (-not $AppSettings.ContainsKey($_)) {
                    $AppSettings[$_] = $null
                }
            }
        }
        
        # 更新应用设置
        Update-AzFunctionApp -Name $FunctionAppName `
            -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName `
            -AppSettings $AppSettings
        
        Write-Host "配置更新完成"
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "配置更新失败：$_"
    }
}

这些技巧将帮助您更有效地管理 Azure Functions。记住，在处理 Azure Functions 时，始终要注意应用的安全性和性能。同时，建议使用适当的监控和日志记录机制来跟踪函数的运行状态。

发表更新powershell / tip1 分钟读完 (大约185个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - 高级参数处理

动态参数机制

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
function Get-EnvironmentData {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
        [string]$EnvironmentName
    )
    
    dynamicparam {
        $paramDictionary = New-Object Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameterDictionary
        
        if ($EnvironmentName -eq 'Production') {
            $attribute = [System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute]@{
                Mandatory = $true
                HelpMessage = "生产环境专属参数"
            }
            $param = New-Object Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter(
                'ProductionKey',
                [string],
                $attribute
            )
            $paramDictionary.Add('ProductionKey', $param)
        }
        return $paramDictionary
    }
}

参数集应用

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
function Set-SystemConfiguration {
    [CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName='Basic')]
    param(
        [Parameter(ParameterSetName='Basic', Mandatory=$true)]
        [string]$BasicConfig,
        
        [Parameter(ParameterSetName='Advanced', Mandatory=$true)]
        [string]$AdvancedConfig,
        
        [Parameter(ParameterSetName='Advanced')]
        [ValidateRange(1,100)]
        [int]$Priority
    )
    # 根据参数集执行不同逻辑
}

最佳实践

  1. 使用Parameter属性定义清晰的参数关系
  2. 为复杂场景设计参数集
  3. 通过dynamicparam实现条件参数
  4. 保持参数命名的语义清晰

```powershell
function Invoke-CustomOperation {
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(ValueFromPipeline=$true)]
[ValidateScript({
if ($_.OperationType -notin ‘Read’,’Write’) {
throw “无效的操作类型”
}
$true
})]
[object]$InputObject
)
# 管道参数处理逻辑
}

发表更新powershell / tip5 分钟读完 (大约725个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - 音频处理技巧

在 PowerShell 中处理音频文件可能不是最常见的任务，但在某些场景下非常有用。本文将介绍一些实用的音频处理技巧。

首先，让我们看看基本的音频操作：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
# 创建音频处理函数
function Get-AudioInfo {
    param(
        [string]$AudioPath
    )
    
    # 使用 NAudio 库获取音频信息
    Add-Type -Path "NAudio.dll"
    $reader = [NAudio.Wave.AudioFileReader]::new($AudioPath)
    
    $info = [PSCustomObject]@{
        FileName = Split-Path $AudioPath -Leaf
        Duration = $reader.TotalTime
        SampleRate = $reader.WaveFormat.SampleRate
        Channels = $reader.WaveFormat.Channels
        BitsPerSample = $reader.WaveFormat.BitsPerSample
        FileSize = (Get-Item $AudioPath).Length
    }
    
    $reader.Dispose()
    return $info
}

音频格式转换：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
# 创建音频格式转换函数
function Convert-AudioFormat {
    param(
        [string]$InputPath,
        [string]$OutputPath,
        [ValidateSet("mp3", "wav", "ogg", "aac")]
        [string]$TargetFormat
    )
    
    try {
        # 使用 FFmpeg 进行格式转换
        $ffmpeg = "C:\ffmpeg\bin\ffmpeg.exe"
        
        switch ($TargetFormat) {
            "mp3" {
                & $ffmpeg -i $InputPath -codec:a libmp3lame -q:a 2 $OutputPath
            }
            "wav" {
                & $ffmpeg -i $InputPath -codec:a pcm_s16le $OutputPath
            }
            "ogg" {
                & $ffmpeg -i $InputPath -codec:a libvorbis $OutputPath
            }
            "aac" {
                & $ffmpeg -i $InputPath -codec:a aac -b:a 192k $OutputPath
            }
        }
        
        Write-Host "音频转换完成：$OutputPath"
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "转换失败：$_"
    }
}

音频剪辑：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
# 创建音频剪辑函数
function Split-AudioFile {
    param(
        [string]$InputPath,
        [TimeSpan]$StartTime,
        [TimeSpan]$Duration,
        [string]$OutputPath
    )
    
    try {
        $ffmpeg = "C:\ffmpeg\bin\ffmpeg.exe"
        $start = $StartTime.ToString("hh\:mm\:ss")
        $duration = $Duration.ToString("hh\:mm\:ss")
        
        & $ffmpeg -i $InputPath -ss $start -t $duration -acodec copy $OutputPath
        Write-Host "音频剪辑完成：$OutputPath"
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "剪辑失败：$_"
    }
}

音频合并：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
# 创建音频合并函数
function Merge-AudioFiles {
    param(
        [string[]]$InputFiles,
        [string]$OutputPath
    )
    
    try {
        # 创建临时文件列表
        $tempFile = "temp_list.txt"
        $InputFiles | ForEach-Object {
            "file '$_'" | Add-Content $tempFile
        }
        
        # 使用 FFmpeg 合并文件
        $ffmpeg = "C:\ffmpeg\bin\ffmpeg.exe"
        & $ffmpeg -f concat -safe 0 -i $tempFile -c copy $OutputPath
        
        # 清理临时文件
        Remove-Item $tempFile
        
        Write-Host "音频合并完成：$OutputPath"
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "合并失败：$_"
    }
}

一些实用的音频处理技巧：

  1. 音频批量处理：

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    # 批量处理音频文件
    function Process-AudioBatch {
        param(
            [string]$InputFolder,
            [string]$OutputFolder,
            [scriptblock]$ProcessScript
        )
        
        # 创建输出目录
        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $OutputFolder -Force
        
        # 获取所有音频文件
        $audioFiles = Get-ChildItem -Path $InputFolder -Include *.mp3,*.wav,*.ogg,*.aac -Recurse
        
        foreach ($file in $audioFiles) {
            $outputPath = Join-Path $OutputFolder $file.Name
            & $ProcessScript -InputPath $file.FullName -OutputPath $outputPath
        }
    }

  2. 音频效果处理：

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    # 应用音频效果
    function Apply-AudioEffect {
        param(
            [string]$InputPath,
            [string]$OutputPath,
            [ValidateSet("normalize", "fade", "echo", "reverb")]
            [string]$Effect,
            [hashtable]$Parameters
        )
        
        try {
            $ffmpeg = "C:\ffmpeg\bin\ffmpeg.exe"
            $filter = switch ($Effect) {
                "normalize" { "loudnorm" }
                "fade" { "afade=t=in:st=0:d=$($Parameters.Duration)" }
                "echo" { "aecho=0.8:0.88:60:0.4" }
                "reverb" { "aecho=0.8:0.9:1000:0.3" }
            }
            
            & $ffmpeg -i $InputPath -af $filter $OutputPath
            Write-Host "已应用效果：$Effect"
        }
        catch {
            Write-Host "效果处理失败：$_"
        }
    }

  3. 音频分析：

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    # 分析音频波形
    function Analyze-AudioWaveform {
        param(
            [string]$AudioPath,
            [int]$SamplePoints = 100
        )
        
        Add-Type -Path "NAudio.dll"
        $reader = [NAudio.Wave.AudioFileReader]::new($AudioPath)
        
        # 读取音频数据
        $buffer = New-Object float[] $SamplePoints
        $reader.Read($buffer, 0, $SamplePoints)
        
        # 计算波形数据
        $waveform = @()
        for ($i = 0; $i -lt $SamplePoints; $i += 2) {
            $waveform += [PSCustomObject]@{
                Time = $i / $reader.WaveFormat.SampleRate
                Left = $buffer[$i]
                Right = $buffer[$i + 1]
            }
        }
        
        $reader.Dispose()
        return $waveform
    }

这些技巧将帮助您更有效地处理音频文件。记住，在处理音频时，始终要注意文件格式的兼容性和音频质量。同时，建议在处理大型音频文件时使用流式处理方式，以提高性能。

发表更新powershell / tip6 分钟读完 (大约891个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - Pester 测试技巧

在 PowerShell 中使用 Pester 进行测试是一项重要任务，本文将介绍一些实用的 Pester 测试技巧。

首先，让我们看看基本的 Pester 测试操作：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
# 创建 Pester 测试函数
function New-PesterTest {
    param(
        [string]$TestName,
        [string]$TestPath,
        [string]$ModuleName,
        [string[]]$Functions
    )
    
    try {
        # 创建测试文件
        $testContent = @"
Describe '$ModuleName' {
    BeforeAll {
        Import-Module $ModuleName
    }
    
    Context '基本功能测试' {
        BeforeEach {
            # 测试前的准备工作
        }
        
        AfterEach {
            # 测试后的清理工作
        }
        
        It '应该成功导入模块' {
            Get-Module -Name $ModuleName | Should -Not -BeNullOrEmpty
        }
        
        It '应该包含所有必需的函数' {
            $module = Get-Module -Name $ModuleName
            foreach ($function in $Functions) {
                $module.ExportedFunctions.Keys | Should -Contain $function
            }
        }
    }
}
"@
        
        $testContent | Out-File -FilePath $TestPath -Encoding UTF8
        Write-Host "测试文件 $TestPath 创建成功"
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "创建测试文件失败：$_"
    }
}

Pester 模拟测试：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
# 创建 Pester 模拟测试函数
function New-PesterMockTest {
    param(
        [string]$TestName,
        [string]$TestPath,
        [string]$FunctionName,
        [hashtable]$MockData
    )
    
    try {
        $testContent = @"
Describe '$FunctionName 模拟测试' {
    BeforeAll {
        Import-Module $ModuleName
    }
    
    Context '模拟外部依赖' {
        BeforeEach {
            Mock Get-Process {
                return @(
                    @{
                        Name = 'Process1'
                        Id = 1001
                        CPU = 10
                    },
                    @{
                        Name = 'Process2'
                        Id = 1002
                        CPU = 20
                    }
                )
            }
            
            Mock Get-Service {
                return @(
                    @{
                        Name = 'Service1'
                        Status = 'Running'
                    },
                    @{
                        Name = 'Service2'
                        Status = 'Stopped'
                    }
                )
            }
        }
        
        It '应该正确模拟进程数据' {
            $result = Get-Process
            $result.Count | Should -Be 2
            $result[0].Name | Should -Be 'Process1'
            $result[1].Name | Should -Be 'Process2'
        }
        
        It '应该正确模拟服务数据' {
            $result = Get-Service
            $result.Count | Should -Be 2
            $result[0].Status | Should -Be 'Running'
            $result[1].Status | Should -Be 'Stopped'
        }
    }
}
"@
        
        $testContent | Out-File -FilePath $TestPath -Encoding UTF8
        Write-Host "模拟测试文件 $TestPath 创建成功"
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "创建模拟测试文件失败：$_"
    }
}

Pester 参数测试：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
# 创建 Pester 参数测试函数
function New-PesterParameterTest {
    param(
        [string]$TestName,
        [string]$TestPath,
        [string]$FunctionName,
        [hashtable]$Parameters
    )
    
    try {
        $testContent = @"
Describe '$FunctionName 参数测试' {
    BeforeAll {
        Import-Module $ModuleName
    }
    
    Context '参数验证' {
        It '应该验证必需参数' {
            { & $FunctionName } | Should -Throw
        }
        
        It '应该验证参数类型' {
            { & $FunctionName -Name 123 } | Should -Throw
        }
        
        It '应该验证参数范围' {
            { & $FunctionName -Count -1 } | Should -Throw
        }
        
        It '应该验证参数格式' {
            { & $FunctionName -Email 'invalid-email' } | Should -Throw
        }
    }
    
    Context '参数组合' {
        It '应该处理有效的参数组合' {
            $result = & $FunctionName -Name 'Test' -Count 5
            $result | Should -Not -BeNullOrEmpty
        }
        
        It '应该处理边界条件' {
            $result = & $FunctionName -Name 'Test' -Count 0
            $result | Should -BeNullOrEmpty
        }
    }
}
"@
        
        $testContent | Out-File -FilePath $TestPath -Encoding UTF8
        Write-Host "参数测试文件 $TestPath 创建成功"
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "创建参数测试文件失败：$_"
    }
}

Pester 性能测试：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
# 创建 Pester 性能测试函数
function New-PesterPerformanceTest {
    param(
        [string]$TestName,
        [string]$TestPath,
        [string]$FunctionName,
        [int]$Iterations = 1000,
        [int]$Timeout = 30
    )
    
    try {
        $testContent = @"
Describe '$FunctionName 性能测试' {
    BeforeAll {
        Import-Module $ModuleName
    }
    
    Context '执行时间测试' {
        It '应该在指定时间内完成' {
            $measurement = Measure-Command {
                for ($i = 0; $i -lt $Iterations; $i++) {
                    & $FunctionName
                }
            }
            
            $measurement.TotalSeconds | Should -BeLessThan $Timeout
        }
        
        It '应该保持稳定的执行时间' {
            $times = @()
            for ($i = 0; $i -lt 10; $i++) {
                $measurement = Measure-Command {
                    & $FunctionName
                }
                $times += $measurement.TotalMilliseconds
            }
            
            $average = ($times | Measure-Object -Average).Average
            $standardDeviation = [math]::Sqrt(($times | ForEach-Object { [math]::Pow($_ - $average, 2) } | Measure-Object -Average).Average)
            
            $standardDeviation | Should -BeLessThan ($average * 0.1)
        }
    }
    
    Context '资源使用测试' {
        It '应该控制内存使用' {
            $before = (Get-Process -Id $PID).WorkingSet64
            for ($i = 0; $i -lt $Iterations; $i++) {
                & $FunctionName
            }
            $after = (Get-Process -Id $PID).WorkingSet64
            
            ($after - $before) / 1MB | Should -BeLessThan 100
        }
    }
}
"@
        
        $testContent | Out-File -FilePath $TestPath -Encoding UTF8
        Write-Host "性能测试文件 $TestPath 创建成功"
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "创建性能测试文件失败：$_"
    }
}

Pester 测试报告：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
# 创建 Pester 测试报告函数
function New-PesterTestReport {
    param(
        [string]$TestPath,
        [string]$ReportPath,
        [string]$Format = 'HTML'
    )
    
    try {
        $testResults = Invoke-Pester -Path $TestPath -PassThru
        
        switch ($Format) {
            'HTML' {
                $testResults | ConvertTo-Html -Title "Pester 测试报告" | Out-File -FilePath $ReportPath -Encoding UTF8
            }
            'XML' {
                $testResults | ConvertTo-Xml | Out-File -FilePath $ReportPath -Encoding UTF8
            }
            'JSON' {
                $testResults | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 10 | Out-File -FilePath $ReportPath -Encoding UTF8
            }
        }
        
        return [PSCustomObject]@{
            TotalTests = $testResults.TotalCount
            PassedTests = $testResults.PassedCount
            FailedTests = $testResults.FailedCount
            SkippedTests = $testResults.SkippedCount
            ReportPath = $ReportPath
        }
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "生成测试报告失败：$_"
    }
}

这些技巧将帮助您更有效地使用 Pester 进行测试。记住，在编写测试时，始终要注意测试覆盖率和可维护性。同时，建议使用适当的测试数据和模拟来确保测试的可靠性。

发表更新powershell / tip5 分钟读完 (大约707个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - 数据库操作技巧

在 PowerShell 中处理数据库操作是一项常见任务，特别是在数据管理和自动化过程中。本文将介绍一些实用的数据库操作技巧。

首先，我们需要安装必要的模块：

1
2
# 安装数据库操作模块
Install-Module -Name SqlServer -Force

连接数据库并执行查询：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
# 设置数据库连接参数
$server = "localhost"
$database = "TestDB"
$query = @"
SELECT 
    员工ID,
    姓名,
    部门,
    职位,
    入职日期
FROM 员工信息
WHERE 部门 = '技术部'
ORDER BY 入职日期 DESC
"@

# 执行查询
$results = Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $server -Database $database -Query $query

# 显示结果
Write-Host "技术部员工列表："
$results | Format-Table

执行参数化查询：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
# 创建参数化查询
$query = @"
SELECT 
    订单号,
    客户名称,
    订单金额,
    下单日期
FROM 订单信息
WHERE 下单日期 BETWEEN @开始日期 AND @结束日期
AND 订单金额 > @最小金额
"@

# 设置参数
$params = @{
    开始日期 = "2024-01-01"
    结束日期 = "2024-03-31"
    最小金额 = 10000
}

# 执行参数化查询
$results = Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $server -Database $database -Query $query -Parameters $params

执行事务操作：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
# 开始事务
$connection = New-Object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection
$connection.ConnectionString = "Server=$server;Database=$database;Integrated Security=True"
$connection.Open()
$transaction = $connection.BeginTransaction()

try {
    # 执行多个操作
    $query1 = "UPDATE 库存 SET 数量 = 数量 - 1 WHERE 产品ID = 1"
    $query2 = "INSERT INTO 订单明细 (订单号, 产品ID, 数量) VALUES ('ORD001', 1, 1)"
    
    Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $server -Database $database -Query $query1 -Transaction $transaction
    Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $server -Database $database -Query $query2 -Transaction $transaction
    
    # 提交事务
    $transaction.Commit()
    Write-Host "事务执行成功"
}
catch {
    # 回滚事务
    $transaction.Rollback()
    Write-Host "事务执行失败：$_"
}
finally {
    $connection.Close()
}

批量数据导入：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
# 准备批量数据
$data = @(
    @{
        产品名称 = "笔记本电脑"
        价格 = 5999
        库存 = 10
    },
    @{
        产品名称 = "无线鼠标"
        价格 = 199
        库存 = 50
    }
)

# 创建数据表
$table = New-Object System.Data.DataTable
$table.Columns.Add("产品名称")
$table.Columns.Add("价格")
$table.Columns.Add("库存")

# 添加数据
foreach ($item in $data) {
    $row = $table.NewRow()
    $row["产品名称"] = $item.产品名称
    $row["价格"] = $item.价格
    $row["库存"] = $item.库存
    $table.Rows.Add($row)
}

# 批量导入数据
Write-SqlTableData -ServerInstance $server -Database $database -TableName "产品信息" -InputData $table

一些实用的数据库操作技巧：

  1. 数据库备份：

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    # 创建数据库备份
    $backupPath = "C:\Backups\TestDB_$(Get-Date -Format 'yyyyMMdd').bak"
    $backupQuery = @"
    BACKUP DATABASE TestDB
    TO DISK = '$backupPath'
    WITH FORMAT, MEDIANAME = 'TestDBBackup', NAME = 'TestDB-Full Database Backup'
    "@

    Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $server -Query $backupQuery

  2. 数据库还原：

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    # 还原数据库
    $restoreQuery = @"
    RESTORE DATABASE TestDB
    FROM DISK = '$backupPath'
    WITH REPLACE
    "@

    Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $server -Query $restoreQuery

  3. 数据库维护：

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    # 更新统计信息
    $updateStatsQuery = @"
    UPDATE STATISTICS 员工信息 WITH FULLSCAN
    UPDATE STATISTICS 订单信息 WITH FULLSCAN
    "@

    Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $server -Database $database -Query $updateStatsQuery

这些技巧将帮助您更有效地处理数据库操作。记住，在执行数据库操作时，始终要注意数据安全性和性能影响。同时，建议使用参数化查询来防止 SQL 注入攻击。

发表更新powershell / tip2 分钟读完 (大约351个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - IoT边缘设备监控

在工业物联网场景中，边缘设备监控至关重要。以下脚本实现设备状态采集与异常预警：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
function Get-IoTDeviceStatus {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
        [string[]]$DeviceIPs,
        
        [ValidateRange(1,100)]
        [int]$SamplingInterval = 30
    )

    $report = [PSCustomObject]@{
        Timestamp     = Get-Date
        OnlineDevices = @()
        OfflineDevices = @()
        HighTempDevices = @()
        LowBatteryDevices = @()
    }

    try {
        # 设备状态轮询
        $DeviceIPs | ForEach-Object -Parallel {
            $response = Test-NetConnection -ComputerName $_ -Port 502 -InformationLevel Quiet
            $telemetry = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri "http://$_/metrics" -TimeoutSec 3

            [PSCustomObject]@{
                IP = $_
                Online = $response
                Temperature = $telemetry.temp
                BatteryLevel = $telemetry.battery
                LastSeen = Get-Date
            }
        } -ThrottleLimit 10

        # 数据分析
        $results | ForEach-Object {
            if(-not $_.Online) {
                $report.OfflineDevices += $_.IP
                continue
            }

            $report.OnlineDevices += $_.IP
            
            if($_.Temperature -gt 85) {
                $report.HighTempDevices += $_.IP
            }

            if($_.BatteryLevel -lt 20) {
                $report.LowBatteryDevices += $_.IP
            }
        }

        # 触发预警
        if($report.HighTempDevices.Count -gt 0) {
            Send-Notification -Type "HighTemp" -Devices $report.HighTempDevices
        }

        if($report.LowBatteryDevices.Count -gt 0) {
            Send-Notification -Type "LowBattery" -Devices $report.LowBatteryDevices
        }
    }
    catch {
        Write-Warning "设备监控异常: $_"
    }

    return $report
}

实现原理：

  1. 使用并行处理加速多设备状态采集
  2. 通过Test-NetConnection验证设备在线状态
  3. 调用REST API获取设备遥测数据
  4. 设置温度(85°C)和电量(20%)双重预警阈值
  5. 自动触发邮件/短信通知机制

使用示例：

1
2
$devices = '192.168.1.100','192.168.1.101','192.168.1.102'
Get-IoTDeviceStatus -DeviceIPs $devices -SamplingInterval 60

最佳实践：

  1. 与TSDB时序数据库集成存储历史数据
  2. 配置指数退避策略应对网络波动
  3. 添加设备白名单安全机制
  4. 实现预警静默时段功能

注意事项：
• 需要设备开放502端口和/metrics端点
• 建议使用硬件加密模块保护通信安全
• 监控间隔不宜小于30秒

发表更新powershell / tip10 分钟读完 (大约1570个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - 智能农业管理系统

在智能农业领域，系统化管理对于提高农作物产量和资源利用效率至关重要。本文将介绍如何使用PowerShell构建一个智能农业管理系统，包括环境监控、灌溉控制、病虫害防治等功能。

环境监控

首先，让我们创建一个用于监控农业环境的函数：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
function Monitor-AgricultureEnvironment {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string]$FieldID,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string[]]$Zones,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [int]$SamplingInterval = 300,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string]$DataPath,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [hashtable]$Thresholds
    )
    
    try {
        $monitor = [PSCustomObject]@{
            FieldID = $FieldID
            StartTime = Get-Date
            Zones = @{}
            Alerts = @()
            Statistics = @{}
        }
        
        while ($true) {
            $sampleTime = Get-Date
            
            foreach ($zone in $Zones) {
                $zoneData = [PSCustomObject]@{
                    ZoneID = $zone
                    SampleTime = $sampleTime
                    Temperature = 0
                    Humidity = 0
                    SoilMoisture = 0
                    LightIntensity = 0
                    CO2Level = 0
                    Status = "Normal"
                    Alerts = @()
                }
                
                # 获取环境传感器数据
                $sensors = Get-EnvironmentSensors -FieldID $FieldID -Zone $zone
                foreach ($sensor in $sensors) {
                    $zoneData.$($sensor.Type) = $sensor.Value
                }
                
                # 检查阈值
                if ($Thresholds) {
                    # 检查温度
                    if ($Thresholds.ContainsKey("Temperature")) {
                        $threshold = $Thresholds.Temperature
                        if ($zoneData.Temperature -gt $threshold.Max) {
                            $zoneData.Status = "Warning"
                            $zoneData.Alerts += [PSCustomObject]@{
                                Time = $sampleTime
                                Type = "HighTemperature"
                                Value = $zoneData.Temperature
                                Threshold = $threshold.Max
                            }
                        }
                        if ($zoneData.Temperature -lt $threshold.Min) {
                            $zoneData.Status = "Warning"
                            $zoneData.Alerts += [PSCustomObject]@{
                                Time = $sampleTime
                                Type = "LowTemperature"
                                Value = $zoneData.Temperature
                                Threshold = $threshold.Min
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    
                    # 检查湿度
                    if ($Thresholds.ContainsKey("Humidity")) {
                        $threshold = $Thresholds.Humidity
                        if ($zoneData.Humidity -gt $threshold.Max) {
                            $zoneData.Status = "Warning"
                            $zoneData.Alerts += [PSCustomObject]@{
                                Time = $sampleTime
                                Type = "HighHumidity"
                                Value = $zoneData.Humidity
                                Threshold = $threshold.Max
                            }
                        }
                        if ($zoneData.Humidity -lt $threshold.Min) {
                            $zoneData.Status = "Warning"
                            $zoneData.Alerts += [PSCustomObject]@{
                                Time = $sampleTime
                                Type = "LowHumidity"
                                Value = $zoneData.Humidity
                                Threshold = $threshold.Min
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    
                    # 检查土壤湿度
                    if ($Thresholds.ContainsKey("SoilMoisture")) {
                        $threshold = $Thresholds.SoilMoisture
                        if ($zoneData.SoilMoisture -gt $threshold.Max) {
                            $zoneData.Status = "Warning"
                            $zoneData.Alerts += [PSCustomObject]@{
                                Time = $sampleTime
                                Type = "HighSoilMoisture"
                                Value = $zoneData.SoilMoisture
                                Threshold = $threshold.Max
                            }
                        }
                        if ($zoneData.SoilMoisture -lt $threshold.Min) {
                            $zoneData.Status = "Warning"
                            $zoneData.Alerts += [PSCustomObject]@{
                                Time = $sampleTime
                                Type = "LowSoilMoisture"
                                Value = $zoneData.SoilMoisture
                                Threshold = $threshold.Min
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    
                    # 检查光照强度
                    if ($Thresholds.ContainsKey("LightIntensity")) {
                        $threshold = $Thresholds.LightIntensity
                        if ($zoneData.LightIntensity -lt $threshold.Min) {
                            $zoneData.Status = "Warning"
                            $zoneData.Alerts += [PSCustomObject]@{
                                Time = $sampleTime
                                Type = "LowLight"
                                Value = $zoneData.LightIntensity
                                Threshold = $threshold.Min
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    
                    # 检查CO2浓度
                    if ($Thresholds.ContainsKey("CO2Level")) {
                        $threshold = $Thresholds.CO2Level
                        if ($zoneData.CO2Level -gt $threshold.Max) {
                            $zoneData.Status = "Warning"
                            $zoneData.Alerts += [PSCustomObject]@{
                                Time = $sampleTime
                                Type = "HighCO2"
                                Value = $zoneData.CO2Level
                                Threshold = $threshold.Max
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                
                $monitor.Zones[$zone] = $zoneData
                
                # 处理告警
                foreach ($alert in $zoneData.Alerts) {
                    $monitor.Alerts += $alert
                    
                    # 记录数据
                    if ($DataPath) {
                        $zoneData | ConvertTo-Json | Out-File -FilePath $DataPath -Append
                    }
                    
                    # 发送告警通知
                    Send-EnvironmentAlert -Alert $alert
                }
                
                # 更新统计信息
                if (-not $monitor.Statistics.ContainsKey($zone)) {
                    $monitor.Statistics[$zone] = [PSCustomObject]@{
                        TemperatureHistory = @()
                        HumidityHistory = @()
                        SoilMoistureHistory = @()
                        LightHistory = @()
                        CO2History = @()
                    }
                }
                
                $stats = $monitor.Statistics[$zone]
                $stats.TemperatureHistory += $zoneData.Temperature
                $stats.HumidityHistory += $zoneData.Humidity
                $stats.SoilMoistureHistory += $zoneData.SoilMoisture
                $stats.LightHistory += $zoneData.LightIntensity
                $stats.CO2History += $zoneData.CO2Level
                
                # 保持历史数据在合理范围内
                $maxHistoryLength = 1000
                if ($stats.TemperatureHistory.Count -gt $maxHistoryLength) {
                    $stats.TemperatureHistory = $stats.TemperatureHistory | Select-Object -Last $maxHistoryLength
                    $stats.HumidityHistory = $stats.HumidityHistory | Select-Object -Last $maxHistoryLength
                    $stats.SoilMoistureHistory = $stats.SoilMoistureHistory | Select-Object -Last $maxHistoryLength
                    $stats.LightHistory = $stats.LightHistory | Select-Object -Last $maxHistoryLength
                    $stats.CO2History = $stats.CO2History | Select-Object -Last $maxHistoryLength
                }
            }
            
            Start-Sleep -Seconds $SamplingInterval
        }
        
        return $monitor
    }
    catch {
        Write-Error "环境监控失败：$_"
        return $null
    }
}

灌溉控制

接下来，创建一个用于控制灌溉系统的函数：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
function Manage-IrrigationSystem {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string]$FieldID,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [hashtable]$Schedule,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [hashtable]$SoilData,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [switch]$AutoAdjust,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string]$WeatherForecast,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string]$LogPath
    )
    
    try {
        $controller = [PSCustomObject]@{
            FieldID = $FieldID
            StartTime = Get-Date
            Zones = @{}
            Status = "Normal"
            Actions = @()
        }
        
        # 获取灌溉系统状态
        $irrigationZones = Get-IrrigationZones -FieldID $FieldID
        foreach ($zone in $irrigationZones) {
            $controller.Zones[$zone.ID] = [PSCustomObject]@{
                ZoneID = $zone.ID
                CurrentState = $zone.State
                WaterFlow = $zone.WaterFlow
                Duration = $zone.Duration
                NextSchedule = $zone.NextSchedule
                Status = "Active"
            }
        }
        
        # 处理天气预测
        if ($WeatherForecast) {
            $forecast = Get-WeatherForecast -Location $FieldID -Days 3
            if ($forecast.RainProbability -gt 0.7) {
                $controller.Status = "WeatherAdjusted"
                foreach ($zone in $controller.Zones.Values) {
                    if ($zone.NextSchedule -lt (Get-Date).AddHours(24)) {
                        $action = Adjust-IrrigationSchedule `
                            -ZoneID $zone.ZoneID `
                            -DelayHours 24 `
                            -Reason "High Rain Probability"
                        $controller.Actions += $action
                        
                        # 记录调整
                        if ($LogPath) {
                            $adjustmentLog = [PSCustomObject]@{
                                Time = Get-Date
                                Type = "ScheduleAdjustment"
                                ZoneID = $zone.ZoneID
                                Action = $action
                                Reason = "High Rain Probability"
                            }
                            $adjustmentLog | ConvertTo-Json | Out-File -FilePath $LogPath -Append
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
        # 自适应控制
        if ($AutoAdjust -and $SoilData) {
            foreach ($zone in $controller.Zones.Values) {
                $zoneSoilData = $SoilData[$zone.ZoneID]
                if ($zoneSoilData) {
                    # 计算最优灌溉量
                    $optimalIrrigation = Calculate-OptimalIrrigation -SoilData $zoneSoilData
                    
                    # 更新灌溉计划
                    if ($optimalIrrigation.WaterFlow -ne $zone.WaterFlow) {
                        $action = Update-IrrigationPlan `
                            -ZoneID $zone.ZoneID `
                            -WaterFlow $optimalIrrigation.WaterFlow `
                            -Duration $optimalIrrigation.Duration `
                            -Reason "Soil Moisture Based"
                        $controller.Actions += $action
                        
                        # 记录调整
                        if ($LogPath) {
                            $adjustmentLog = [PSCustomObject]@{
                                Time = Get-Date
                                Type = "IrrigationAdjustment"
                                ZoneID = $zone.ZoneID
                                OldFlow = $zone.WaterFlow
                                NewFlow = $optimalIrrigation.WaterFlow
                                Duration = $optimalIrrigation.Duration
                                Reason = "Soil Moisture Based"
                            }
                            $adjustmentLog | ConvertTo-Json | Out-File -FilePath $LogPath -Append
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
        # 应用固定计划
        elseif ($Schedule) {
            foreach ($zoneID in $Schedule.Keys) {
                $zoneSchedule = $Schedule[$zoneID]
                if ($controller.Zones.ContainsKey($zoneID)) {
                    $zone = $controller.Zones[$zoneID]
                    
                    # 更新灌溉计划
                    if ($zoneSchedule.WaterFlow -ne $zone.WaterFlow) {
                        $action = Update-IrrigationPlan `
                            -ZoneID $zoneID `
                            -WaterFlow $zoneSchedule.WaterFlow `
                            -Duration $zoneSchedule.Duration `
                            -Reason "Fixed Schedule"
                        $controller.Actions += $action
                        
                        # 记录调整
                        if ($LogPath) {
                            $adjustmentLog = [PSCustomObject]@{
                                Time = Get-Date
                                Type = "IrrigationAdjustment"
                                ZoneID = $zoneID
                                OldFlow = $zone.WaterFlow
                                NewFlow = $zoneSchedule.WaterFlow
                                Duration = $zoneSchedule.Duration
                                Reason = "Fixed Schedule"
                            }
                            $adjustmentLog | ConvertTo-Json | Out-File -FilePath $LogPath -Append
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
        # 更新控制器状态
        $controller.EndTime = Get-Date
        
        return $controller
    }
    catch {
        Write-Error "灌溉控制失败：$_"
        return $null
    }
}

病虫害防治

最后，创建一个用于防治病虫害的函数：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
function Manage-PestControl {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string]$FieldID,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string[]]$Zones,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string]$CropType,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [hashtable]$Thresholds,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string]$TreatmentMethod,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string]$LogPath
    )
    
    try {
        $manager = [PSCustomObject]@{
            FieldID = $FieldID
            StartTime = Get-Date
            Zones = @{}
            Alerts = @()
            Treatments = @()
        }
        
        foreach ($zone in $Zones) {
            $zoneData = [PSCustomObject]@{
                ZoneID = $zone
                CropType = $CropType
                PestLevel = 0
                DiseaseLevel = 0
                Status = "Normal"
                Alerts = @()
                TreatmentHistory = @()
            }
            
            # 获取病虫害数据
            $pestData = Get-PestData -FieldID $FieldID -Zone $zone
            $zoneData.PestLevel = $pestData.PestLevel
            $zoneData.DiseaseLevel = $pestData.DiseaseLevel
            
            # 检查阈值
            if ($Thresholds) {
                # 检查害虫水平
                if ($Thresholds.ContainsKey("PestLevel")) {
                    $threshold = $Thresholds.PestLevel
                    if ($zoneData.PestLevel -gt $threshold.Max) {
                        $zoneData.Status = "Warning"
                        $zoneData.Alerts += [PSCustomObject]@{
                            Time = Get-Date
                            Type = "HighPestLevel"
                            Value = $zoneData.PestLevel
                            Threshold = $threshold.Max
                        }
                    }
                }
                
                # 检查病害水平
                if ($Thresholds.ContainsKey("DiseaseLevel")) {
                    $threshold = $Thresholds.DiseaseLevel
                    if ($zoneData.DiseaseLevel -gt $threshold.Max) {
                        $zoneData.Status = "Warning"
                        $zoneData.Alerts += [PSCustomObject]@{
                            Time = Get-Date
                            Type = "HighDiseaseLevel"
                            Value = $zoneData.DiseaseLevel
                            Threshold = $threshold.Max
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            
            $manager.Zones[$zone] = $zoneData
            
            # 处理告警
            foreach ($alert in $zoneData.Alerts) {
                $manager.Alerts += $alert
                
                # 记录告警
                if ($LogPath) {
                    $alert | ConvertTo-Json | Out-File -FilePath $LogPath -Append
                }
                
                # 发送告警通知
                Send-PestAlert -Alert $alert
                
                # 执行防治措施
                if ($TreatmentMethod) {
                    $treatment = Start-PestTreatment `
                        -ZoneID $zone `
                        -CropType $CropType `
                        -Method $TreatmentMethod `
                        -Level $alert.Value
                    
                    $zoneData.TreatmentHistory += [PSCustomObject]@{
                        Time = Get-Date
                        Method = $TreatmentMethod
                        Level = $alert.Value
                        Result = $treatment.Result
                    }
                    
                    $manager.Treatments += $treatment
                    
                    # 记录防治措施
                    if ($LogPath) {
                        $treatmentLog = [PSCustomObject]@{
                            Time = Get-Date
                            Type = "Treatment"
                            ZoneID = $zone
                            Method = $TreatmentMethod
                            Level = $alert.Value
                            Result = $treatment.Result
                        }
                        $treatmentLog | ConvertTo-Json | Out-File -FilePath $LogPath -Append
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
        # 更新管理器状态
        $manager.EndTime = Get-Date
        
        return $manager
    }
    catch {
        Write-Error "病虫害防治失败：$_"
        return $null
    }
}

使用示例

以下是如何使用这些函数来管理智能农业的示例：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
# 配置环境监控
$monitorConfig = @{
    FieldID = "FLD001"
    Zones = @("Zone1", "Zone2", "Zone3")
    SamplingInterval = 300
    DataPath = "C:\Data\environment_monitor.json"
    Thresholds = @{
        "Temperature" = @{
            Min = 15
            Max = 30
        }
        "Humidity" = @{
            Min = 40
            Max = 80
        }
        "SoilMoisture" = @{
            Min = 20
            Max = 60
        }
        "LightIntensity" = @{
            Min = 1000
        }
        "CO2Level" = @{
            Max = 1000
        }
    }
}

# 启动环境监控
$monitor = Start-Job -ScriptBlock {
    param($config)
    Monitor-AgricultureEnvironment -FieldID $config.FieldID `
        -Zones $config.Zones `
        -SamplingInterval $config.SamplingInterval `
        -DataPath $config.DataPath `
        -Thresholds $config.Thresholds
} -ArgumentList $monitorConfig

# 配置灌溉系统
$irrigationConfig = @{
    FieldID = "FLD001"
    Schedule = @{
        "Zone1" = @{
            WaterFlow = 2.5
            Duration = 30
        }
        "Zone2" = @{
            WaterFlow = 2.0
            Duration = 25
        }
        "Zone3" = @{
            WaterFlow = 2.8
            Duration = 35
        }
    }
    AutoAdjust = $true
    LogPath = "C:\Logs\irrigation_control.json"
}

# 管理灌溉系统
$controller = Manage-IrrigationSystem -FieldID $irrigationConfig.FieldID `
    -Schedule $irrigationConfig.Schedule `
    -AutoAdjust:$irrigationConfig.AutoAdjust `
    -LogPath $irrigationConfig.LogPath

# 配置病虫害防治
$pestConfig = @{
    FieldID = "FLD001"
    Zones = @("Zone1", "Zone2", "Zone3")
    CropType = "Tomato"
    Thresholds = @{
        "PestLevel" = @{
            Max = 0.7
        }
        "DiseaseLevel" = @{
            Max = 0.5
        }
    }
    TreatmentMethod = "Biological"
    LogPath = "C:\Logs\pest_control.json"
}

# 管理病虫害防治
$manager = Manage-PestControl -FieldID $pestConfig.FieldID `
    -Zones $pestConfig.Zones `
    -CropType $pestConfig.CropType `
    -Thresholds $pestConfig.Thresholds `
    -TreatmentMethod $pestConfig.TreatmentMethod `
    -LogPath $pestConfig.LogPath

最佳实践

  1. 实施实时环境监控
  2. 优化灌溉方案
  3. 建立病虫害预警机制
  4. 保持详细的运行记录
  5. 定期进行系统评估
  6. 实施防治措施
  7. 建立数据分析体系
  8. 保持系统文档更新
发表更新powershell / tip6 分钟读完 (大约866个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - PowerShell 过滤器：使用 Where-Object 和 Select-Object

概述：Where-object 和 Select-object

在学习如何使用 Where-Object 和 Select-Object 命令之前，理解前几节讨论的概念是至关重要的。首先，PowerShell 是一种面向对象的编程语言。几乎每个命令都会返回一个具有多个特征的对象，这些特征可以独立检查和过滤。

例如，Get-Process 命令将返回有关当前运行中的 Windows 进程的各种信息，如启动时间和当前内存使用情况。每个信息都保存为 Process 对象的属性。通过管道字符 | ，PowerShell 命令也可以链接在一起。当您这样做时，在管道左侧命令的结果将发送到右侧命令中。如果您将 Get-Process 管道到 Stop-Process（即 Get-Process | Stop-Process），则由 Get-Process 命令识别出来的进程将被停止。如果没有设置筛选条件，则此操作会尝试停止系统上所有正在运行中的进程。

Where-object：语法、工作原理和示例

Where-object 命令可用于根据它们拥有任何属性来过滤对象。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
PS C:\Users\dhrub> get-command Where-Object -Syntax

Where-Object [-Property] <string> [[-Value] <Object>] [-InputObject <psobject>] [-EQ] [<CommonParameters>]

Where-Object [-FilterScript] <scriptblock> [-InputObject <psobject>] [<CommonParameters>]

Where-Object [-Property] <string> [[-Value] <Object>] -Match [-InputObject <psobject>] [<CommonParameters>]

最常用的语法是：

1
Where-Object {$_.PropertyName -ComparisonType FilterValue}

“PropertyName”属性是您正在过滤其属性的对象的名称。ComparisonType是描述您执行比较类型的简短关键字。“eq”代表等于，“gt”代表大于，“lt”代表小于，“like”代表通配符搜索。最后，FilterValue是与对象属性进行比较的值。Get-Process命令示例如下所示，并附有输出。

1
2
3
4
5
PS C:\Users\dhrub> get-process| Where-Object {$_.processname -eq "armsvc"}

Handles  NPM(K)    PM(K)      WS(K)     CPU(s)     Id  SI ProcessName
-------  ------    -----      -----     ------     --  -- -----------
    124       8     1588       2800              4956   0 armsvc

Select-object: 语法、工作原理和示例

Select-Object 命令是另一个需要熟悉的命令。该命令用于限制或修改其他命令的输出。它有许多应用程序，但其中最常见的一种是选择另一个命令的前 N 个结果。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
PS C:\Users\dhrub> Get-Command Select-Object -Syntax

Select-Object [[-Property] <Object[]>] [-InputObject <psobject>] [-ExcludeProperty <string[]>] [-ExpandProperty <string>] [-Unique] [-Last <int>] [-First <int>] [-Skip <int>] [-Wait]
 [<CommonParameters>]

Select-Object [[-Property] <Object[]>] [-InputObject <psobject>] [-ExcludeProperty <string[]>] [-ExpandProperty <string>] [-Unique] [-SkipLast <int>] [<CommonParameters>]

Select-Object [-InputObject <psobject>] [-Unique] [-Wait] [-Index <int[]>] [<CommonParameters>]

以下是我们可以过滤进程的一种方式。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
PS C:\Users\dhrub> get-process |select Name

Name
----
AdobeIPCBroker
amdfendrsr
AppHelperCap
ApplicationFrameHost

以下示例显示系统中正在运行的前五个进程。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
PS C:\Users\dhrub> get-process |Select-Object -First 5

Handles  NPM(K)    PM(K)      WS(K)     CPU(s)     Id  SI ProcessName
-------  ------    -----      -----     ------     --  -- -----------
    206      13     2428      10492       0.09    836   6 AdobeIPCBroker
    110       8     2012       4612              3368   0 amdfendrsr
    334      15     5692       9724              2284   0 AppHelperCap
    394      22    15564      32088       0.30  13260   6 ApplicationFrameHost
    124       8     1588       2800              4956   0 armsvc

以下示例显示系统中正在运行的最后五个进程。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
PS C:\Users\dhrub> get-process |Select-Object -last 5

Handles  NPM(K)    PM(K)      WS(K)     CPU(s)     Id  SI ProcessName
-------  ------    -----      -----     ------     --  -- -----------
   1064      75    55192       2556      10.11  14596   6 WinStore.App
    186      13     3380       8544              3856   0 WmiPrvSE
    189      12     3900      11268              7532   0 WmiPrvSE
    462      16     4900       8100              1288   0 WUDFHost
    767      51    30048      17588       1.89  14588   6 YourPhone

结论

在PowerShell中，您可以通过使用Where-Object和Select-Object命令轻松控制正在处理的项目。 您可以使用这些命令来过滤您查看的数据或将操作限制为与您设置的筛选器匹配的操作（例如停止服务或删除文件）。 这个系列将在下一篇文章中结束。 我们将研究如何循环遍历对象组以对一组项目执行更复杂的任务。

发表更新powershell / tip7 分钟读完 (大约1027个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - 工业控制系统管理

在工业环境中，控制系统管理对于确保生产效率和安全性至关重要。本文将介绍如何使用PowerShell构建一个工业控制系统管理平台，包括过程控制、数据采集、报警管理等功能。

过程控制

首先，让我们创建一个用于管理工业过程控制的函数：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
function Manage-ProcessControl {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string]$ProcessID,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [hashtable]$Parameters,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string]$Mode,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [switch]$AutoStart,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [int]$Timeout = 300
    )
    
    try {
        $control = [PSCustomObject]@{
            ProcessID = $ProcessID
            StartTime = Get-Date
            Mode = $Mode
            Parameters = $Parameters
            Status = "Initializing"
            Steps = @()
        }
        
        # 检查过程状态
        $processStatus = Get-ProcessStatus -ProcessID $ProcessID
        if ($processStatus.IsRunning) {
            throw "过程 $ProcessID 已经在运行中"
        }
        
        # 验证参数
        $validationResult = Test-ProcessParameters -ProcessID $ProcessID -Parameters $Parameters
        if (-not $validationResult.IsValid) {
            throw "参数验证失败：$($validationResult.Message)"
        }
        
        # 获取控制步骤
        $steps = Get-ProcessSteps -ProcessID $ProcessID -Mode $Mode
        
        foreach ($step in $steps) {
            $stepResult = [PSCustomObject]@{
                StepID = $step.ID
                Description = $step.Description
                StartTime = Get-Date
                Status = "InProgress"
            }
            
            try {
                # 执行控制步骤
                $result = Invoke-ProcessStep -ProcessID $ProcessID `
                    -StepID $step.ID `
                    -Parameters $step.Parameters
                
                $stepResult.Status = "Success"
                $stepResult.Result = $result
                
                # 检查步骤结果
                if (-not $result.Success) {
                    throw "步骤 $($step.ID) 执行失败：$($result.Message)"
                }
            }
            catch {
                $stepResult.Status = "Failed"
                $stepResult.Error = $_.Exception.Message
                throw
            }
            finally {
                $stepResult.EndTime = Get-Date
                $control.Steps += $stepResult
            }
        }
        
        # 更新控制状态
        $control.Status = "Running"
        $control.EndTime = Get-Date
        
        # 如果启用自动启动，开始监控过程
        if ($AutoStart) {
            Start-ProcessMonitoring -ProcessID $ProcessID -Timeout $Timeout
        }
        
        return $control
    }
    catch {
        Write-Error "过程控制失败：$_"
        return $null
    }
}

数据采集

接下来，创建一个用于采集工业过程数据的函数：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
function Collect-ProcessData {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string]$ProcessID,
        
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [DateTime]$StartTime,
        
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [DateTime]$EndTime,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string[]]$Tags,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [int]$SamplingRate = 1,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string]$StoragePath,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [ValidateSet("Raw", "Aggregated", "Both")]
        [string]$DataFormat = "Both"
    )
    
    try {
        $collection = [PSCustomObject]@{
            ProcessID = $ProcessID
            StartTime = $StartTime
            EndTime = $EndTime
            Tags = $Tags
            SamplingRate = $SamplingRate
            RawData = @()
            AggregatedData = @{}
            Quality = @{}
        }
        
        # 获取过程数据
        $data = Get-ProcessData -ProcessID $ProcessID `
            -StartTime $StartTime `
            -EndTime $EndTime `
            -Tags $Tags `
            -SamplingRate $SamplingRate
        
        foreach ($record in $data) {
            # 存储原始数据
            if ($DataFormat -in @("Raw", "Both")) {
                $collection.RawData += [PSCustomObject]@{
                    Timestamp = $record.Timestamp
                    Values = $record.Values
                    Quality = $record.Quality
                }
            }
            
            # 计算聚合数据
            if ($DataFormat -in @("Aggregated", "Both")) {
                foreach ($tag in $Tags) {
                    if (-not $collection.AggregatedData.ContainsKey($tag)) {
                        $collection.AggregatedData[$tag] = @{
                            Min = [double]::MaxValue
                            Max = [double]::MinValue
                            Sum = 0
                            Count = 0
                            Quality = 0
                        }
                    }
                    
                    $value = $record.Values[$tag]
                    $quality = $record.Quality[$tag]
                    
                    $collection.AggregatedData[$tag].Min = [Math]::Min($collection.AggregatedData[$tag].Min, $value)
                    $collection.AggregatedData[$tag].Max = [Math]::Max($collection.AggregatedData[$tag].Max, $value)
                    $collection.AggregatedData[$tag].Sum += $value
                    $collection.AggregatedData[$tag].Count++
                    $collection.AggregatedData[$tag].Quality += $quality
                }
            }
        }
        
        # 计算统计数据
        foreach ($tag in $Tags) {
            if ($collection.AggregatedData.ContainsKey($tag)) {
                $stats = $collection.AggregatedData[$tag]
                $stats.Average = $stats.Sum / $stats.Count
                $stats.Quality = $stats.Quality / $stats.Count
            }
        }
        
        # 存储数据
        if ($StoragePath) {
            $collection | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 10 | Out-File -FilePath $StoragePath
        }
        
        return $collection
    }
    catch {
        Write-Error "数据采集失败：$_"
        return $null
    }
}

报警管理

最后，创建一个用于管理工业过程报警的函数：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
function Manage-ProcessAlarms {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string]$ProcessID,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string[]]$AlarmTypes,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [ValidateSet("High", "Medium", "Low")]
        [string]$Priority,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string]$Operator,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string]$Notes,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [switch]$Acknowledge
    )
    
    try {
        $alarmManager = [PSCustomObject]@{
            ProcessID = $ProcessID
            StartTime = Get-Date
            Alarms = @()
            Actions = @()
        }
        
        # 获取活动报警
        $activeAlarms = Get-ActiveAlarms -ProcessID $ProcessID `
            -Types $AlarmTypes `
            -Priority $Priority
        
        foreach ($alarm in $activeAlarms) {
            $alarmInfo = [PSCustomObject]@{
                AlarmID = $alarm.ID
                Type = $alarm.Type
                Priority = $alarm.Priority
                Description = $alarm.Description
                Timestamp = $alarm.Timestamp
                Status = $alarm.Status
                Values = $alarm.Values
                Actions = @()
            }
            
            # 处理报警
            if ($Acknowledge) {
                $acknowledgeResult = Acknowledge-Alarm -AlarmID $alarm.ID `
                    -Operator $Operator `
                    -Notes $Notes
                
                $alarmInfo.Status = "Acknowledged"
                $alarmInfo.Actions += [PSCustomObject]@{
                    Time = Get-Date
                    Action = "Acknowledge"
                    Operator = $Operator
                    Notes = $Notes
                }
            }
            
            # 执行报警动作
            $actions = Get-AlarmActions -AlarmID $alarm.ID
            
            foreach ($action in $actions) {
                $actionResult = [PSCustomObject]@{
                    ActionID = $action.ID
                    Description = $action.Description
                    StartTime = Get-Date
                    Status = "InProgress"
                }
                
                try {
                    $result = Invoke-AlarmAction -AlarmID $alarm.ID `
                        -ActionID $action.ID `
                        -Parameters $action.Parameters
                    
                    $actionResult.Status = "Success"
                    $actionResult.Result = $result
                }
                catch {
                    $actionResult.Status = "Failed"
                    $actionResult.Error = $_.Exception.Message
                }
                finally {
                    $actionResult.EndTime = Get-Date
                    $alarmInfo.Actions += $actionResult
                }
            }
            
            $alarmManager.Alarms += $alarmInfo
        }
        
        # 更新报警状态
        $alarmManager.EndTime = Get-Date
        
        return $alarmManager
    }
    catch {
        Write-Error "报警管理失败：$_"
        return $null
    }
}

使用示例

以下是如何使用这些函数来管理工业控制系统的示例：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
# 配置过程控制参数
$processConfig = @{
    ProcessID = "REACTOR001"
    Mode = "Normal"
    Parameters = @{
        Temperature = 150
        Pressure = 10
        FlowRate = 100
    }
    AutoStart = $true
    Timeout = 600
}

# 启动过程控制
$control = Manage-ProcessControl -ProcessID $processConfig.ProcessID `
    -Mode $processConfig.Mode `
    -Parameters $processConfig.Parameters `
    -AutoStart:$processConfig.AutoStart `
    -Timeout $processConfig.Timeout

# 采集过程数据
$data = Collect-ProcessData -ProcessID "REACTOR001" `
    -StartTime (Get-Date).AddHours(-1) `
    -EndTime (Get-Date) `
    -Tags @("Temperature", "Pressure", "FlowRate") `
    -SamplingRate 1 `
    -StoragePath "C:\Data\reactor001_data.json" `
    -DataFormat "Both"

# 管理过程报警
$alarms = Manage-ProcessAlarms -ProcessID "REACTOR001" `
    -AlarmTypes @("Temperature", "Pressure") `
    -Priority "High" `
    -Operator "John Smith" `
    -Notes "系统维护" `
    -Acknowledge

最佳实践

  1. 实施严格的过程控制
  2. 建立完整的数据采集系统
  3. 实现多级报警机制
  4. 保持详细的运行记录
  5. 定期进行系统校准
  6. 实施访问控制策略
  7. 建立应急响应机制
  8. 保持系统文档更新
发表更新powershell / tip7 分钟读完 (大约1114个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - DevOps 集成

在DevOps时代，PowerShell可以帮助我们更好地实现持续集成和持续部署。本文将介绍如何使用PowerShell构建一个DevOps自动化系统，包括CI/CD流程管理、基础设施即代码和制品管理等功能。

CI/CD流程管理

首先，让我们创建一个用于管理CI/CD流程的函数：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
function Manage-DevOpsPipeline {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string]$PipelineID,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string[]]$PipelineTypes,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [ValidateSet("Build", "Test", "Deploy")]
        [string]$OperationMode = "Build",
        
        [Parameter()]
        [hashtable]$PipelineConfig,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string]$LogPath
    )
    
    try {
        $manager = [PSCustomObject]@{
            PipelineID = $PipelineID
            StartTime = Get-Date
            PipelineStatus = @{}
            Operations = @{}
            Issues = @()
        }
        
        # 获取流程配置
        $config = Get-PipelineConfig -PipelineID $PipelineID
        
        # 管理流程
        foreach ($type in $PipelineTypes) {
            $status = [PSCustomObject]@{
                Type = $type
                Status = "Unknown"
                Config = @{}
                Operations = @{}
                Issues = @()
            }
            
            # 应用流程配置
            $typeConfig = Apply-PipelineConfig `
                -Config $config `
                -Type $type `
                -Mode $OperationMode `
                -Settings $PipelineConfig
            
            $status.Config = $typeConfig
            
            # 执行流程操作
            $operations = Execute-PipelineOperations `
                -Type $type `
                -Config $typeConfig
            
            $status.Operations = $operations
            $manager.Operations[$type] = $operations
            
            # 检查流程问题
            $issues = Check-PipelineIssues `
                -Operations $operations `
                -Config $typeConfig
            
            $status.Issues = $issues
            $manager.Issues += $issues
            
            # 更新流程状态
            if ($issues.Count -gt 0) {
                $status.Status = "Failed"
            }
            else {
                $status.Status = "Success"
            }
            
            $manager.PipelineStatus[$type] = $status
        }
        
        # 记录流程日志
        if ($LogPath) {
            $manager | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 10 | Out-File -FilePath $LogPath
        }
        
        # 更新管理器状态
        $manager.EndTime = Get-Date
        
        return $manager
    }
    catch {
        Write-Error "DevOps流程管理失败：$_"
        return $null
    }
}

基础设施即代码

接下来，创建一个用于管理基础设施即代码的函数：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
function Manage-InfrastructureAsCode {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string]$InfraID,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string[]]$InfraTypes,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [ValidateSet("Terraform", "DSC", "ARM")]
        [string]$InfraMode = "Terraform",
        
        [Parameter()]
        [hashtable]$InfraConfig,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string]$ReportPath
    )
    
    try {
        $manager = [PSCustomObject]@{
            InfraID = $InfraID
            StartTime = Get-Date
            InfraStatus = @{}
            Configurations = @{}
            Issues = @()
        }
        
        # 获取基础设施配置
        $config = Get-InfraConfig -InfraID $InfraID
        
        # 管理基础设施
        foreach ($type in $InfraTypes) {
            $status = [PSCustomObject]@{
                Type = $type
                Status = "Unknown"
                Config = @{}
                Configurations = @{}
                Issues = @()
            }
            
            # 应用基础设施配置
            $typeConfig = Apply-InfraConfig `
                -Config $config `
                -Type $type `
                -Mode $InfraMode `
                -Settings $InfraConfig
            
            $status.Config = $typeConfig
            
            # 配置基础设施
            $configurations = Configure-InfraResources `
                -Type $type `
                -Config $typeConfig
            
            $status.Configurations = $configurations
            $manager.Configurations[$type] = $configurations
            
            # 检查基础设施问题
            $issues = Check-InfraIssues `
                -Configurations $configurations `
                -Config $typeConfig
            
            $status.Issues = $issues
            $manager.Issues += $issues
            
            # 更新基础设施状态
            if ($issues.Count -gt 0) {
                $status.Status = "Warning"
            }
            else {
                $status.Status = "Success"
            }
            
            $manager.InfraStatus[$type] = $status
        }
        
        # 生成报告
        if ($ReportPath) {
            $report = Generate-InfraReport `
                -Manager $manager `
                -Config $config
            
            $report | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 10 | Out-File -FilePath $ReportPath
        }
        
        # 更新管理器状态
        $manager.EndTime = Get-Date
        
        return $manager
    }
    catch {
        Write-Error "基础设施即代码管理失败：$_"
        return $null
    }
}

制品管理

最后，创建一个用于管理制品的函数：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
function Manage-Artifacts {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string]$ArtifactID,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string[]]$ArtifactTypes,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [ValidateSet("Package", "Container", "Binary")]
        [string]$ArtifactMode = "Package",
        
        [Parameter()]
        [hashtable]$ArtifactConfig,
        
        [Parameter()]
        [string]$ReportPath
    )
    
    try {
        $manager = [PSCustomObject]@{
            ArtifactID = $ArtifactID
            StartTime = Get-Date
            ArtifactStatus = @{}
            Operations = @{}
            Issues = @()
        }
        
        # 获取制品配置
        $config = Get-ArtifactConfig -ArtifactID $ArtifactID
        
        # 管理制品
        foreach ($type in $ArtifactTypes) {
            $status = [PSCustomObject]@{
                Type = $type
                Status = "Unknown"
                Config = @{}
                Operations = @{}
                Issues = @()
            }
            
            # 应用制品配置
            $typeConfig = Apply-ArtifactConfig `
                -Config $config `
                -Type $type `
                -Mode $ArtifactMode `
                -Settings $ArtifactConfig
            
            $status.Config = $typeConfig
            
            # 执行制品操作
            $operations = Execute-ArtifactOperations `
                -Type $type `
                -Config $typeConfig
            
            $status.Operations = $operations
            $manager.Operations[$type] = $operations
            
            # 检查制品问题
            $issues = Check-ArtifactIssues `
                -Operations $operations `
                -Config $typeConfig
            
            $status.Issues = $issues
            $manager.Issues += $issues
            
            # 更新制品状态
            if ($issues.Count -gt 0) {
                $status.Status = "Warning"
            }
            else {
                $status.Status = "Success"
            }
            
            $manager.ArtifactStatus[$type] = $status
        }
        
        # 生成报告
        if ($ReportPath) {
            $report = Generate-ArtifactReport `
                -Manager $manager `
                -Config $config
            
            $report | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 10 | Out-File -FilePath $ReportPath
        }
        
        # 更新管理器状态
        $manager.EndTime = Get-Date
        
        return $manager
    }
    catch {
        Write-Error "制品管理失败：$_"
        return $null
    }
}

使用示例

以下是如何使用这些函数来管理DevOps环境的示例：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
# 管理CI/CD流程
$manager = Manage-DevOpsPipeline -PipelineID "PIPELINE001" `
    -PipelineTypes @("Build", "Test", "Deploy") `
    -OperationMode "Build" `
    -PipelineConfig @{
        "Build" = @{
            "Source" = @{
                "Repository" = "https://github.com/org/repo"
                "Branch" = "main"
                "Trigger" = "push"
            }
            "Steps" = @{
                "Restore" = @{
                    "Command" = "dotnet restore"
                    "WorkingDirectory" = "src"
                }
                "Build" = @{
                    "Command" = "dotnet build"
                    "WorkingDirectory" = "src"
                }
                "Publish" = @{
                    "Command" = "dotnet publish"
                    "WorkingDirectory" = "src"
                }
            }
            "Artifacts" = @{
                "Path" = "src/bin/Release/net6.0/publish"
                "Type" = "zip"
            }
        }
        "Test" = @{
            "Framework" = "xunit"
            "Projects" = @("tests/UnitTests", "tests/IntegrationTests")
            "Coverage" = @{
                "Enabled" = $true
                "Threshold" = 80
            }
        }
        "Deploy" = @{
            "Environment" = "Production"
            "Strategy" = "BlueGreen"
            "Targets" = @{
                "Web" = @{
                    "Type" = "AppService"
                    "ResourceGroup" = "rg-prod"
                    "Name" = "app-prod"
                }
                "Database" = @{
                    "Type" = "SqlServer"
                    "ResourceGroup" = "rg-prod"
                    "Name" = "sql-prod"
                }
            }
        }
    } `
    -LogPath "C:\Logs\pipeline_management.json"

# 管理基础设施即代码
$manager = Manage-InfrastructureAsCode -InfraID "INFRA001" `
    -InfraTypes @("Network", "Compute", "Storage") `
    -InfraMode "Terraform" `
    -InfraConfig @{
        "Network" = @{
            "Provider" = "azurerm"
            "Resources" = @{
                "VNet" = @{
                    "Name" = "vnet-prod"
                    "AddressSpace" = "10.0.0.0/16"
                    "Subnets" = @{
                        "Web" = "10.0.1.0/24"
                        "App" = "10.0.2.0/24"
                        "Data" = "10.0.3.0/24"
                    }
                }
                "NSG" = @{
                    "Name" = "nsg-prod"
                    "Rules" = @{
                        "HTTP" = @{
                            "Priority" = 100
                            "Protocol" = "Tcp"
                            "Port" = 80
                            "Source" = "Internet"
                            "Destination" = "Web"
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        "Compute" = @{
            "Provider" = "azurerm"
            "Resources" = @{
                "VMSS" = @{
                    "Name" = "vmss-web"
                    "Capacity" = 3
                    "Size" = "Standard_D2s_v3"
                    "Image" = "UbuntuLTS"
                }
                "AppService" = @{
                    "Name" = "app-prod"
                    "Plan" = "PremiumV2"
                    "Runtime" = "dotnet:6.0"
                }
            }
        }
        "Storage" = @{
            "Provider" = "azurerm"
            "Resources" = @{
                "StorageAccount" = @{
                    "Name" = "stprod"
                    "Type" = "Standard_LRS"
                    "Replication" = "GRS"
                }
                "Container" = @{
                    "Name" = "data"
                    "Access" = "private"
                }
            }
        }
    } `
    -ReportPath "C:\Reports\infrastructure_management.json"

# 管理制品
$manager = Manage-Artifacts -ArtifactID "ARTIFACT001" `
    -ArtifactTypes @("Package", "Container", "Binary") `
    -ArtifactMode "Package" `
    -ArtifactConfig @{
        "Package" = @{
            "Type" = "NuGet"
            "Name" = "MyApp"
            "Version" = "1.0.0"
            "Source" = "src/MyApp"
            "Target" = @{
                "Feed" = "https://pkgs.dev.azure.com/org/project/_packaging/feed/nuget/v3/index.json"
                "ApiKey" = "env:NUGET_API_KEY"
            }
        }
        "Container" = @{
            "Type" = "Docker"
            "Name" = "myapp"
            "Tag" = "1.0.0"
            "Source" = "Dockerfile"
            "Target" = @{
                "Registry" = "myregistry.azurecr.io"
                "Username" = "env:ACR_USERNAME"
                "Password" = "env:ACR_PASSWORD"
            }
        }
        "Binary" = @{
            "Type" = "Zip"
            "Name" = "myapp-release"
            "Version" = "1.0.0"
            "Source" = "src/MyApp/bin/Release"
            "Target" = @{
                "Storage" = "stprod"
                "Container" = "releases"
            }
        }
    } `
    -ReportPath "C:\Reports\artifact_management.json"

最佳实践

  1. 实施CI/CD流程
  2. 配置基础设施即代码
  3. 管理制品版本
  4. 保持详细的部署记录
  5. 定期进行健康检查
  6. 实施监控策略
  7. 建立告警机制
  8. 保持系统文档更新
关注我

链接

分类

最新文章

归档

标签

.net2
0day1
C#1
QQ4
acl1
ad2
ai2
ai-optimization1
angularjs3
animation1
apache1
appz1
asciiart1
att&ck1
automation23
azure1
azure-ad1
azure-functions2
azuread1
backup1
batch3
bestpractice2
block2
blog1
book1
breakpoint1
bug1
c#1
career1
cdn1
cheatsheet1
cloud1
cmd1
cmdlet1
code-generation1
command3
community6
compliance5
computervision1
conditional-compilation1
container1
cost-optimization2
csharp1
css1
data-structure1
data-structures1
database2
datacenter1
ddns1
debugging3
delicious3
develop2
device-compliance1
device-health1
device-management1
device-monitoring1
devops4
devsecops1
digital-assets1
docker2
dos1
download5
drone1
dsc1
dynamic-loading1
ebook2
ed2k1
edge-computing2
embedded1
encoding1
energy-optimization1
error-handling2
ethereum1
excel1
extension1
filesystem-abstraction1
flow-control1
front-end1
function1
functions2
gallery1
geek30
git1
green-computing2
gtd1
guide2
guideline11
gvim1
hashtable2
healthcheck1
hexo1
html1
hybrid-cloud1
iac1
icon1
ics1
ide1
industrial-iot1
ionic1
ip1
iso2
javascript7
jea1
kubernetes3
language1
lateral-movement1
learning6
lesson1
link6
linux1
log-analysis1
loganalysis1
machine-learning1
markdown1
metaprogramming1
metaverse2
microsoft4
microsoft-graph1
module2
mongodb2
mongoose1
monthly1
mqtt1
multi-cloud2
multicloud1
multithreading1
mvp1
natural-language-processing1
nlp1
node.js2
nodejs2
nosql2
oauth21
openai4
optimization2
oray1
packaging1
parameters1
path-handling1
picture1
policies1
powershell2071
powertip1976
predictive-maintenance1
preface1
privilege-escalation1
process-analysis1
productivity1
proxy1
psprovider1
qq2
red-team1
reflection1
regex6
registry2
release2
remoting1
repack1
resource1
resource-orchestration1
rest-api1
role-capability1
runspacepool1
scm1
scope3
script25
security3
security-monitoring1
series1976
server2
serverless3
skill4
smart-contract1
software1
sp11
stacktrace1
study1
style1
supply-chain1
supplychain2
switch1
terraform3
text9
text-processing1
threat-hunting1
tip1975
tip个1
tool1
uac1
unmanaged-code1
update1
variable1
variables2
video2
vim2
virtual-environment1
visualstudio3
vmware1
vulnerability2
web5
web31
window1
windows1
xampp2
xml1
zero-trust4
zerotrust2

订阅更新

×