发表更新powershell / tip1 分钟读完 (大约126个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - 列出网络驱动器

有很多方法可以列出映射的网络驱动器。其中之一使用 PowerShell 的 Get-PSDrive 并检查目标根目录是否以 “\“ 开头，表示 UNC 网络路径：

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PS> Get-PSDrive -PSProvider FileSystem | Where-Object DisplayRoot -like '\\*'

Name           Used (GB)     Free (GB) Provider      Root                    CurrentLocation
----           ---------     --------- --------      ----                    ---------------
Z               11076,55          0,00 FileSystem    \\192.168.2.107\docs

一个不错的方面是 Get-PSDrive 返回有用的附加详细信息，例如驱动器的大小。

发表更新powershell / tip8 分钟读完 (大约1138个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - 读取打印机属性（第 3 部分）

在之前的技能中，我们研究了如何使用 Get-PrinterProperty 读取本地安装打印机的打印机属性。此 cmdlet 是所有 Windows 操作系统附带的 PrintManagement 模块的一部分。

重要提示：由于属性名称是特定于打印驱动程序的，如果您需要在整个企业中管理相同类型的打印机，此 cmdlet 会非常有用。如果您想为大量不同的打印机类型创建详细的打印机清单，这不是最佳选择，因为您必须为每个正在使用的打印机驱动程序确定确切的属性名称。同样，在下面的示例中，请确保将打印机属性名称替换为您的打印机支持的名称。

简而言之，要读取特定的打印机属性，您需要提供打印机的名称（运行 Get-Printer 以查找打印机名称）。然后该 cmdlet 会列出所有可用的打印机属性，这些属性可能会因打印机驱动程序和型号而异：

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PS> Get-PrinterProperty -PrinterName 'S/W Laser HP'

ComputerName         PrinterName          PropertyName         Type       Value
------------         -----------          ------------         ----       -----
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:AccessoryO... String     500Stapler
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:ActualCust... String     431800_914400
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:AutoConfig... String     NotInstalled
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:Auto_install  String     INSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:BookletMak... String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:CombineMed... String     Installed
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:DeviceIsMo... String     Installed
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:DuplexUnit    String     Installed

例如，您可以过滤属性名称并获取已安装和已卸载打印机附件的列表：

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PS> Get-PrinterProperty -PrinterName 'S/W Laser HP' | Where-Object Value -like *installed* | Select-Object -Property PropertyName, Value

PropertyName                         Value
------------                         -----
Config:AutoConfiguration             NotInstalled
Config:Auto_install                  INSTALLED
Config:BookletMakerUnit_PC           NOTINSTALLED
Config:CombineMediaTypesAndInputBins Installed
Config:DeviceIsMopier                Installed
Config:DuplexUnit                    Installed
Config:EmbeddedJobAccounting         NotInstalled
Config:EnvFeed_install               NOTINSTALLED
Config:HPJobSeparatorPage            NotInstalled
Config:HPPinToPrintOnly              NotInstalled
Config:HPPunchUnitType               NotInstalled
Config:InsLwH1_install               NOTINSTALLED
Config:InsUpH1_install               NOTINSTALLED
Config:JobRetention                  Installed
Config:ManualFeed_install            INSTALLED
Config:PCCFoldUnit                   NOTINSTALLED
Config:PCVFoldUnit                   NOTINSTALLED
Config:PrinterHardDisk               Installed
Config:SecurePrinting                Installed
Config:StaplingUnit_PC               NOTINSTALLED
Config:Tray10_install                NOTINSTALLED
Config:Tray1_install                 INSTALLED
Config:Tray2_install                 INSTALLED
Config:Tray3_install                 INSTALLED
Config:Tray4_install                 NOTINSTALLED
Config:Tray5_install                 NOTINSTALLED
Config:Tray6_install                 NOTINSTALLED
Config:Tray7_install                 NOTINSTALLED
Config:Tray8_install                 NOTINSTALLED
Config:Tray9_install                 NOTINSTALLED
Config:TrayExt1_install              NOTINSTALLED
Config:TrayExt2_install              NOTINSTALLED
Config:TrayExt3_install              NOTINSTALLED
Config:TrayExt4_install              NOTINSTALLED
Config:TrayExt5_install              NOTINSTALLED
Config:TrayExt6_install              NOTINSTALLED

知道打印机名称和特定属性名称后，您可以查询各个属性并检索值以在脚本中使用它。以下是检查是否安装了双面打印单元的示例（确保将打印机名称和属性名称调整为您的打印机型号）：

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PS> Get-PrinterProperty -PrinterName 'S/W Laser HP' -PropertyName Config:DuplexUnit | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Value
Installed

PS> $hasDuplexUnit = (Get-PrinterProperty -PrinterName 'S/W Laser HP' -PropertyName Config:DuplexUnit).Value -eq 'installed'

PS> $hasDuplexUnit
True

要远程查询打印机，Get-PrinterProperty 具有 -ComputerName 参数。它接受单个字符串，因此您一次只能查询一台打印机，并且没有 -Credential 参数，因此您无法以其他人身份进行身份验证。你可以试试这个来查询你自己的机器，一旦成功，用真正的远程系统替换计算机名称：

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PS> Get-PrinterProperty -PrinterName 'S/W Laser HP' -ComputerName $env:COMPUTERNAME

由于 cmdlet 使用 Windows 远程管理服务进行远程访问，因此目标打印服务器应启用 WinRM 远程处理（这是 Windows 服务器的默认设置），并且您应该是目标端的管理员。

实际情况中，您还希望能够查询多个服务器并以其他人身份进行身份验证。对于远程访问，首先使用 New-CimSession 指定要查询的所有服务器，并根据需要提交凭据。

接下来，将此会话提交给 Get-PrinterProperty。如果您有适当的访问权限，现在可以并行查询会话中的所有服务器，从而节省大量时间。-ThrottleLimit 参数确定最多实际联系多少个会话。如果您指定的服务器数超过最大连接数，PowerShell 将自动将其余服务器排队：

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$session = New-CimSession -ComputerName server1, server2, server3 -Credential mydomain\remotinguser

Get-PrinterProperty -PrinterName 'S/W Laser HP' -CimSession $session -ThrottleLimit 100

Remove-CimSession -CimSession $session

额外提示：您也可以使用 Get-Printer 查找远程打印机名称。Get-Printer 还接受 -CimSession 参数，因此您可以使用相同的网络会话从一台或多台远程服务器查询所有打印机名称。

发表更新powershell / tip5 分钟读完 (大约746个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - 读取打印机属性（第 2 部分）

在上一个技能中，我们查看了 Get-PrinterProperty，它是 PrintManagement 模块的一部分，可在 Windows 操作系统上使用。

在这个技能中，让我们看看如何在自己的脚本中实际使用打印机值，以及与使用简单数组相比，如何将它们存储在哈希表中使访问打印机属性更容易。

重要提示：实际的打印机属性及其名称取决于您的打印机型号和打印机驱动程序。上面示例中使用的属性名称可能因打印机而异。

当您将 Get-PrinterProperty 返回的结果存储在一个变量中时，该变量包含一个简单的数组，您的工作是使用您所追求的属性来标识数组元素。下面是一个例子：

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PS> $info = Get-PrinterProperty -PrinterName 'S/W Laser HP'

# return result is an array
PS> $info -is [Array]
True

# array elements can only be accessed via numeric index
PS> $info.Count
64

# the number of returned properties depends on the printer model
# the index of given properties may change so accessing a property by
# index works but can be unreliable:
PS> $info[0]

ComputerName         PrinterName          PropertyName         Type       Value
------------         -----------          ------------         ----       -----
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:AccessoryO... String     500Stapler


# the actual property value is stored in the property “Value”
PS> $info[0].Value
500Stapler

# using comparison operators, you can convert string content to Boolean
# for example to check whether a printer has a certain feature installed
PS> $info[2]

ComputerName         PrinterName          PropertyName         Type       Value
------------         -----------          ------------         ----       -----
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:AutoConfig... String     NotInstalled

PS> $info[2].Value
NotInstalled

PS> $info[2].Value -eq 'NotInstalled'
True

更安全的方法是将结果存储在哈希表中并使用原始属性名称作为键。众所周知，Group-Object 可以自动为您创建哈希表。只需告诉 Group-Object 要用于分组的属性的名称，并要求取回哈希表并将字符串用作哈希表键：

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$info = Get-PrinterProperty -PrinterName 'S/W Laser HP' | Group-Object -Property PropertyName -AsHashTable -AsString

这一次，$info 包含一个哈希表，如果您使用带有 IntelliSense 的 PowerShell 编辑器（如 ISE 或 VSCode），一旦您在输入变量名时按下键盘上的点，就会获得丰富的 IntelliSense，显示可用的属性名称。在控制台中，您可以按 TAB 以使用自动完成功能。

由于 IntelliSense 菜单和 TAB 自动完成还包含一些与哈希表相关的属性和方法，因此您可能需要向下滚动一点或分别按 TAB 几次。

要查询打印机属性的值，选择属性名称后，您需要在属性名称周围添加引号，因为通常打印机属性名称包含特殊字符，如冒号：

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# hash table keys need to be quoted
PS> $info.Config:AccessoryOutputBins
At line:1 char:13
+ $info.Config:AccessoryOutputBins
+             ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Unexpected token ':AccessoryOutputBins' in expression or statement.
        + CategoryInfo          : ParserError: (:) [], ParentContainsErrorRecordException
        + FullyQualifiedErrorId : UnexpectedToken


# once you add quotes, all is fine
PS> $info.'Config:AccessoryOutputBins'

ComputerName         PrinterName          PropertyName         Type       Value
------------         -----------          ------------         ----       -----
                     S/W Laser HP         Config:AccessoryO... String     500Stapler

PS> $info.'Config:AccessoryOutputBins'.Value
500Stapler
发表更新powershell / tip7 分钟读完 (大约1025个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - 读取打印机属性（第 1 部分）

您可能知道 Get-Printer，它返回系统上所有已安装打印机的名称。但是，您无法通过这种方式获得特定的打印机功能或设置。

Get-PrinterProperty 可以提供帮助。只需提交打印机名称（使用 Get-Printer 找出可用的打印机名称），然后运行以下命令（确保将打印机名称更改为存在的名称）：

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PS> Get-PrinterProperty -PrinterName 'S/W Laser HP'

ComputerName         PrinterName          PropertyName         Type       Value
------------         -----------          ------------         ----       -----
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:AccessoryO... String     500Stapler
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:ActualCust... String     431800_914400
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:AutoConfig... String     NotInstalled
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:Auto_install  String     INSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:BookletMak... String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:CombineMed... String     Installed
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:DeviceIsMo... String     Installed
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:DuplexUnit    String     Installed
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:DynamicRender String     AUTODEVICE
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:EMFSpooling   String     Automatic
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:EdgeToEdge... String     Enabled
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:EmbeddedJo... String     NotInstalled
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:EnvFeed_in... String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:HPDisplayD... String     True
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:HPFontInst... String     TRUE
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:HPInstalla... String     HP2HolePunch-Q3689
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:HPInstalla... String     500Stapler-Q2443
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:HPInstalla... String     Auto_install
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:HPJobSepar... String     NotInstalled
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:HPMOutputB... String     500Stapler-Q2443
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:HPMOutputB... String     None
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:HPOutputBi... String     0-0
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:HPPCL6Version String     PDL_VERSION_2-1_OR_GREATER
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:HPPinToPri... String     NotInstalled
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:HPPrnPropR... String     hpchl230.cab
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:HPPunchUni... String     NotInstalled
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:InsLwH1_in... String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:InsUpH1_in... String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:JobRetention  String     Installed
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:LineWidthC... String     Disabled
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:ManualFeed... String     INSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:Memory        String     128MB
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:PCCFoldUnit   String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:PCOptional... String     None
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:PCVFoldUnit   String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:PrinterHar... String     Installed
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:ProductClass  String     HP
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:SHAccessor... String     None
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:SHByPassTray  String     None
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:SHDocInser... String     None
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:SHInstalla... String     MXFN19
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:SHLargeCap... String     None
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:SHMOutputB... String     None
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:SHPaperFol... String     None
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:SHPuncherUnit String     None
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:SPSOptiona... String     None
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:SecurePrin... String     Installed
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:StaplingUn... String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:Tray10_ins... String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:Tray1_install String     INSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:Tray2_install String     INSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:Tray3_install String     INSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:Tray4_install String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:Tray5_install String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:Tray6_install String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:Tray7_install String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:Tray8_install String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:Tray9_install String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:TrayExt1_i... String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:TrayExt2_i... String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:TrayExt3_i... String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:TrayExt4_i... String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:TrayExt5_i... String     NOTINSTALLED
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:TrayExt6_i... String     NOTINSTALLED

注意：Get-PrinterProperty 是 Windows 操作系统（客户端和服务器）附带的 PrintManagement 模块的一部分。如果您使用非常旧的 Windows 操作系统或其他操作系统，则 cmdlet 可能不可用。

返回的属性列表取决于打印机型号。运行此命令以仅获取可用属性名的列表：

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PS> Get-PrinterProperty -PrinterName 'S/W Laser HP' | Select-Object -ExpandProperty PropertyName | Sort-Object -Unique
Config:AccessoryOutputBins
Config:ActualCustomRange
Config:Auto_install
Config:AutoConfiguration
Config:BookletMakerUnit_PC
Config:CombineMediaTypesAndInputBins
Config:DeviceIsMopier
Config:DuplexUnit
Config:DynamicRender
Config:EdgeToEdgeSupport_PC
Config:EmbeddedJobAccounting
Config:EMFSpooling
Config:EnvFeed_install
Config:HPDisplayDocUITab
Config:HPFontInstaller
Config:HPInstallableFinisher
Config:HPInstallableHCO
Config:HPInstallableTrayFeatureName
Config:HPJobSeparatorPage
Config:HPMOutputBinHCOMap
Config:HPMOutputBinHCOPMLMap
Config:HPOutputBinPMLRange
Config:HPPCL6Version
Config:HPPinToPrintOnly
Config:HPPrnPropResourceData
Config:HPPunchUnitType
Config:InsLwH1_install
Config:InsUpH1_install
Config:JobRetention
Config:LineWidthCorrection
Config:ManualFeed_install
Config:Memory
Config:PCCFoldUnit
Config:PCOptionalOutputBin
Config:PCVFoldUnit
Config:PrinterHardDisk
Config:ProductClass
Config:SecurePrinting
Config:SHAccessoryOutputBins
Config:SHByPassTray
Config:SHDocInsertionUnit
Config:SHInstallableHCO
Config:SHLargeCapacityTray
Config:SHMOutputBinHCOMap
Config:SHPaperFoldUnit
Config:SHPuncherUnit
Config:SPSOptionalOutputBin
Config:StaplingUnit_PC
Config:Tray1_install
Config:Tray10_install
Config:Tray2_install
Config:Tray3_install
Config:Tray4_install
Config:Tray5_install
Config:Tray6_install
Config:Tray7_install
Config:Tray8_install
Config:Tray9_install
Config:TrayExt1_install
Config:TrayExt2_install
Config:TrayExt3_install
Config:TrayExt4_install
Config:TrayExt5_install
Config:TrayExt6_install

一旦您知道您所希望了解的属性名，您就可以将结果限制为以下属性：

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PS> Get-PrinterProperty -PrinterName 'S/W Laser HP' -PropertyName Config:AccessoryOutputBins, Config:BookletMakerUnit_PC

ComputerName         PrinterName          PropertyName         Type       Value
------------         -----------          ------------         ----       -----
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:AccessoryO... String     500Stapler
                        S/W Laser HP         Config:BookletMak... String     NOTINSTALLED
发表更新powershell / tip1 分钟读完 (大约172个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - 在 Windows 10 上启用 Telnet

每个 Windows 10 版本都附带一个 telnet 客户端，但它最初是隐藏的。要启用 telnet 客户端，请以完全管理员权限运行以下命令：

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PS> Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName TelnetClient -All


Path          :
Online        : True
RestartNeeded : False

安装 telnet 客户端后，您可以使用它与另一台计算机的任何端口进行远程通信。由于新命令 “telnet“ 是一个控制台应用程序，因此请确保在真正的控制台窗口中运行它，例如 powershell.exe 或 pwsh.exe，而不是 ISE 编辑器。

发表更新powershell / tip3 分钟读完 (大约401个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - 管理快捷方式文件（第 3 部分）

在上一个技巧中，我们创建了新的快捷方式文件，您已经看到 CreateShortcut() 方法如何提供方法来控制快捷方式的几乎所有细节。这是在桌面上创建 PowerShell 快捷方式的代码：

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$path = [Environment]::GetFolderPath('Desktop') | Join-Path -ChildPath 'myLink.lnk'
$scut = (New-Object -ComObject WScript.Shell).CreateShortcut($path)
$scut.TargetPath = 'powershell.exe'
$scut.IconLocation = 'powershell.exe,0'
$scut.Save()

但是，代码不能做的一件事是启用快捷方式文件的管理员权限，因此双击快捷方式图标会自动提升 LNK 文件启动的 PowerShell。

要启用管理员权限，您必须右键单击新创建的快捷方式文件并手动选择“属性”，然后手动检查相应的对话框。

或者，您需要知道 URL 文件的二进制格式，并通过 PowerShell 翻转这些位。下面的代码将你刚刚在桌面上创建的快捷方式文件变成了一个自动提升的文件：

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# launch LNK file as Administrator
# THIS PATH MUST EXIST (use previous script to create the LNK file or create one manually)
$path = [Environment]::GetFolderPath('Desktop') | Join-Path -ChildPath 'myLink.lnk'
# read LNK file as bytes...
$bytes = [System.IO.File]::ReadAllBytes($path)
# flip a bit in byte 21 (0x15)
$bytes[0x15] = $bytes[0x15] -bor 0x20
# update the bytes
[System.IO.File]::WriteAllBytes($path, $bytes)

当您现在双击 LNK 文件时，它会自动提升权限。将位翻转回原位以从任何 LNK 文件中删除管理员权限功能：

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$bytes[0x15] = $bytes[0x15] -band -not 0x20
发表更新powershell / tip1 分钟读完 (大约172个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - 管理快捷方式文件（第 2 部分）

在上一个技巧中，我们创建了新的快捷方式文件，您已经看到 CreateShortcut() 方法如何提供方法来控制快捷方式的几乎所有细节。这是在桌面上创建 PowerShell 快捷方式的代码：

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$path = [Environment]::GetFolderPath('Desktop') | Join-Path -ChildPath 'myLink.lnk'
$scut = (New-Object -ComObject WScript.Shell).CreateShortcut($path)
$scut.TargetPath = 'powershell.exe'
$scut.IconLocation = 'powershell.exe,0'
$scut.Save()

这就是全部：在您的桌面上现在有一个新的 PowerShell 快捷方式。调整上面的代码以创建其他应用程序和路径的快捷方式。

发表更新powershell / tip3 分钟读完 (大约514个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - 管理快捷方式文件（第 1 部分）

PowerShell 可以创建新的 LNK 文件并在旧 COM 对象的帮助下编辑现有文件。

让我们首先在开始菜单中的任何位置找到所有 LNK 文件：

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[Environment]::GetFolderPath('StartMenu') | Get-ChildItem -Filter *.lnk -Recurse

这样可以获取到在开始菜单中任何位置找到的所有 LNK 文件。

接下来，让我们读取它们并找出它们的目标和隐藏的键盘快捷键（如果有）：

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[Environment]::GetFolderPath('StartMenu') |
  Get-ChildItem -Filter *.lnk -Recurse |
  ForEach-Object { $scut = New-Object -ComObject WScript.Shell } {
    $scut.CreateShortcut($_.FullName)
  }

COM 对象 WScript.Shell 提供了一个名为 CreateShortcut() 的方法，当您传入现有 LNK 文件的路径时，您将返回其内部属性。

在我的环境下，这些 LNK 文件看起来类似于：

FullName         : C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Visual Studio Code\Visual Studio Code.lnk
Arguments        :
Description      :
Hotkey           :
IconLocation     : ,0
RelativePath     :
TargetPath       : C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Local\Programs\Microsoft VS Code\Code.exe
WindowStyle      : 1
WorkingDirectory : C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Local\Programs\Microsoft VS Code

FullName         : C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Windows PowerShell\Windows PowerShell (x86).lnk
Arguments        :
Description      : Performs object-based (command-line) functions
Hotkey           :
IconLocation     : %SystemRoot%\syswow64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe,0
RelativePath     :
TargetPath       : C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
WindowStyle      : 1
WorkingDirectory : %HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%

FullName         : C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Windows PowerShell\Windows PowerShell ISE (x86).lnk
Arguments        :
Description      : Windows PowerShell Integrated Scripting Environment. Performs object-based (command-line) functions
Hotkey           :
IconLocation     : %SystemRoot%\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell_ise.exe,0
RelativePath     :
TargetPath       : C:\WINDOWS\syswow64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\PowerShell_ISE.exe
WindowStyle      : 1
WorkingDirectory : %HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%

FullName         : C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Windows PowerShell\Windows PowerShell ISE.lnk
Arguments        :
Description      : Windows PowerShell Integrated Scripting Environment. Performs object-based (command-line) functions
Hotkey           :
IconLocation     : %SystemRoot%\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell_ise.exe,0
RelativePath     :
TargetPath       : C:\WINDOWS\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\PowerShell_ISE.exe
WindowStyle      : 1
WorkingDirectory : %HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%

FullName         : C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Windows PowerShell\Windows PowerShell.lnk
Arguments        :
Description      : Performs object-based (command-line) functions
Hotkey           :
IconLocation     : %SystemRoot%\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe,0
RelativePath     :
TargetPath       : C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
WindowStyle      : 1
WorkingDirectory : %HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%

FullName         : C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Zoom\Uninstall Zoom.lnk
Arguments        : /uninstall
Description      : Uninstall Zoom
Hotkey           :
IconLocation     : C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Zoom\bin\Zoom.exe,0
RelativePath     :
TargetPath       : C:\Users\tobia\AppData\Roaming\Zoom\uninstall\Installer.exe
WindowStyle      : 1
WorkingDirectory :
发表更新powershell / tip6 分钟读完 (大约949个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - 在 Windows 10 中解锁额外的 PowerShell 模块

Windows 10 附带了许多可用于控制服务器功能的 PowerShell 模块 - 例如 WSUS 更新管理，这只是众多模块中的一个。

在早期的 Windows 10 版本中，这些 PowerShell 模块是所谓的 RSAT 工具（远程服务器管理工​​具）的一部分，需要单独下载。在最近的版本中，您已经拥有 RSAT 工具（本技巧中的所有命令都需要提升权限）：

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\#requires -RunAsAdmin
Get-WindowsCapability -Online -Name "Rsat.*" |  Format-Table -AutoSize -Wrap -GroupBy Name -Property DisplayName, Description

结果类似于：

Name: Rsat.ActiveDirectory.DS-LDS.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: Active Directory Domain Services and Lightweight Directory Services Tools	Description
-----------
Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) and Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS) Tools include snap-ins and command-line tools for remotely managing AD DS and AD LDS on Windows Server.

    Name: Rsat.BitLocker.Recovery.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: BitLocker Drive Encryption Administration Utilities	Description
-----------
BitLocker Drive Encryption Administration Utilities include tools for managing BitLocker Drive Encryption features.
BitLocker Active Directory Recovery Password Viewer helps to locate BitLocker drive encryption recovery passwords in Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS).

    Name: Rsat.CertificateServices.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: Active Directory Certificate Services Tools	Description
-----------
Active Directory Certificate Services Tools include the Certification Authority, Certificate Templates, Enterprise PKI, and Online Responder Management snap-ins for remotely managing AD CS on Windows Server

    Name: Rsat.DHCP.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: DHCP Server Tools	Description
-----------
DHCP Server Tools include the DHCP MMC snap-in, DHCP server netsh context and Windows PowerShell module for DHCP Server.

    Name: Rsat.Dns.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: DNS Server Tools	Description
-----------
DNS Server Tools include the DNS Manager snap-in, dnscmd.exe command-line tool and Windows PowerShell module for DNS Server.

    Name: Rsat.FailoverCluster.Management.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: Failover Clustering Tools	Description
-----------
Failover Clustering Tools include the Failover Cluster Manager snap-in, the Cluster-Aware Updating interface, and the Failover Cluster module for Windows PowerShell

    Name: Rsat.FileServices.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: File Services Tools	Description
-----------
File Services Tools include snap-ins and command-line tools for remotely managing the File Services role on Windows Server.

    Name: Rsat.GroupPolicy.Management.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: Group Policy Management Tools	Description
-----------
Group Policy Management Tools include Group Policy Management Console, Group Policy Management Editor, and Group Policy Starter GPO Editor.

    Name: Rsat.IPAM.Client.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: IP Address Management (IPAM) Client	Description
-----------
IP Address Management (IPAM) Client is used to connect to and manage a remote IPAM server. IPAM provides a central framework for managing IP address space and corresponding infrastructure servers such as DHCP and DNS in an Active Directory forest.

    Name: Rsat.LLDP.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: Data Center Bridging LLDP Tools	Description
-----------
Data Center Bridging LLDP Tools include PowerShell tools for remotely managing LLDP agents on Windows Server.

    Name: Rsat.NetworkController.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: Network Controller Management Tools	Description
-----------
Network Controller Management Tools include PowerShell tools for managing the Network Controller role on Windows Server.

    Name: Rsat.NetworkLoadBalancing.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: Network Load Balancing Tools	Description
-----------
Network Load Balancing Tools include the Network Load Balancing Manager snap-in, the Network Load Balancing module for Windows PowerShell, and the nlb.exe and wlbs.exe command-line tools.

    Name: Rsat.RemoteAccess.Management.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: Remote Access Management Tools	Description
-----------
Remote Access Management Tools include graphical and PowerShell tools for managing the Remote Access role on Windows Server.

    Name: Rsat.RemoteDesktop.Services.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: Remote Desktop Services Tools	Description
-----------
Remote Desktop Services Tools include snap-ins for Remote Desktop Licensing Manager, Remote Desktop Licensing Diagnostics and Remote Desktop Gateway Manager. Use Server Manager to administer all other RDS role services.

    Name: Rsat.ServerManager.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: Server Manager	Description
-----------
Server Manager includes the Server Manager console and PowerShell tools for remotely managing Windows Server, and includes tools to remotely configure NIC teaming on Windows Server and Best Practices Analyzer.

    Name: Rsat.Shielded.VM.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
SAT: Shielded VM Tools	Description
-----------
Shielded VM Tools include the Provisioning Data File Wizard and the Template Disk Wizard.

    Name: Rsat.StorageMigrationService.Management.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: Storage Migration Service Management Tools	Description
-----------
Provides management tools for storage migration jobs.

    Name: Rsat.StorageReplica.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: Storage Replica Module for Windows PowerShell	Description
-----------
Includes PowerShell module to remotely manage the Storage Replica feature on Windows Server 2016.

    Name: Rsat.SystemInsights.Management.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: System Insights Module for Windows PowerShell	Description
-----------
System Insights module for Windows PowerShell provides the ability to manage System Insights feature.

    Name: Rsat.VolumeActivation.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: Volume Activation Tools	Description
-----------
Volume activation Tools can be used to manage volume activation license keys on a Key Management Service (KMS) host or in Microsoft Active Directory Domain Services. These tools can be used to install, activate, and manage one or more volume activation license keys, and to configure KMS settings on Windows Server.

Name: Rsat.WSUS.Tools~~~~0.0.1.0


DisplayName
-----------
RSAT: Windows Server Update Services Tools	Description
-----------
Windows Server Update Services Tools include graphical and PowerShell tools for managing WSUS.

要访问所有 RSAT PowerShell 模块和工具，您可以像这样启用它们：

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#requires -RunAsAdmin
Get-WindowsCapability -Online -Name "Rsat.*" |
  Add-WindowsCapability -Online -Verbose
发表更新powershell / tip3 分钟读完 (大约421个字)

PowerShell 技能连载 - 启用 ActiveDirectory 模块

Windows 10 附带 ActiveDirectory PowerShell 模块 - 它可能尚未启用。如果您想使用 PowerShell cmdlet 进行 AD 管理 - 即 Get-ADUser - 只需以完全管理员权限运行以下代码：

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#requires -RunAsAdmin

$element = Get-WindowsCapability -Online -Name "Rsat.ActiveDirectory.DS*"
Add-WindowsCapability -Name $element.Name -Online

完成后，您现在可以访问 ActiveDirectory 模块及其 cmdlet。以下是您获得的清单：

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PS C:\> Get-Command -Module ActiveDirectory | Format-Wide -Column 4


Add-ADCentralAccessPolicyMember      Add-ADComputerServiceAccount         Add-ADDomainControllerPasswordRep... Add-ADFineGrainedPasswordPolicyS...
Add-ADGroupMember                    Add-ADPrincipalGroupMembership       Add-ADResourcePropertyListMember     Clear-ADAccountExpiration
Clear-ADClaimTransformLink           Disable-ADAccount                    Disable-ADOptionalFeature            Enable-ADAccount
Enable-ADOptionalFeature             Get-ADAccountAuthorizationGroup      Get-ADAccountResultantPasswordRep... Get-ADAuthenticationPolicy
Get-ADAuthenticationPolicySilo       Get-ADCentralAccessPolicy            Get-ADCentralAccessRule              Get-ADClaimTransformPolicy
Get-ADClaimType                      Get-ADComputer                       Get-ADComputerServiceAccount         Get-ADDCCloningExcludedApplicati...
Get-ADDefaultDomainPasswordPolicy    Get-ADDomain                         Get-ADDomainController               Get-ADDomainControllerPasswordRe...
Get-ADDomainControllerPasswordRep... Get-ADFineGrainedPasswordPolicy      Get-ADFineGrainedPasswordPolicySu... Get-ADForest
Get-ADGroup                          Get-ADGroupMember                    Get-ADObject                         Get-ADOptionalFeature
Get-ADOrganizationalUnit             Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership       Get-ADReplicationAttributeMetadata   Get-ADReplicationConnection
Get-ADReplicationFailure             Get-ADReplicationPartnerMetadata     Get-ADReplicationQueueOperation      Get-ADReplicationSite
Get-ADReplicationSiteLink            Get-ADReplicationSiteLinkBridge      Get-ADReplicationSubnet              Get-ADReplicationUpToDatenessVec...
Get-ADResourceProperty               Get-ADResourcePropertyList           Get-ADResourcePropertyValueType      Get-ADRootDSE
Get-ADServiceAccount                 Get-ADTrust                          Get-ADUser                           Get-ADUserResultantPasswordPolicy
Grant-ADAuthenticationPolicySiloA... Install-ADServiceAccount             Move-ADDirectoryServer               Move-ADDirectoryServerOperationM...
Move-ADObject                        New-ADAuthenticationPolicy           New-ADAuthenticationPolicySilo       New-ADCentralAccessPolicy
New-ADCentralAccessRule              New-ADClaimTransformPolicy           New-ADClaimType                      New-ADComputer
New-ADDCCloneConfigFile              New-ADFineGrainedPasswordPolicy      New-ADGroup                          New-ADObject
New-ADOrganizationalUnit             New-ADReplicationSite                New-ADReplicationSiteLink            New-ADReplicationSiteLinkBridge
New-ADReplicationSubnet              New-ADResourceProperty               New-ADResourcePropertyList           New-ADServiceAccount
New-ADUser                           Remove-ADAuthenticationPolicy        Remove-ADAuthenticationPolicySilo    Remove-ADCentralAccessPolicy
Remove-ADCentralAccessPolicyMember   Remove-ADCentralAccessRule           Remove-ADClaimTransformPolicy        Remove-ADClaimType
Remove-ADComputer                    Remove-ADComputerServiceAccount      Remove-ADDomainControllerPassword... Remove-ADFineGrainedPasswordPolicy
Remove-ADFineGrainedPasswordPolic... Remove-ADGroup                       Remove-ADGroupMember                 Remove-ADObject
Remove-ADOrganizationalUnit          Remove-ADPrincipalGroupMembership    Remove-ADReplicationSite             Remove-ADReplicationSiteLink
Remove-ADReplicationSiteLinkBridge   Remove-ADReplicationSubnet           Remove-ADResourceProperty            Remove-ADResourcePropertyList
Remove-ADResourcePropertyListMember  Remove-ADServiceAccount              Remove-ADUser                        Rename-ADObject
Reset-ADServiceAccountPassword       Restore-ADObject                     Revoke-ADAuthenticationPolicySilo... Search-ADAccount
Set-ADAccountAuthenticationPolicy... Set-ADAccountControl                 Set-ADAccountExpiration              Set-ADAccountPassword
Set-ADAuthenticationPolicy           Set-ADAuthenticationPolicySilo       Set-ADCentralAccessPolicy            Set-ADCentralAccessRule
Set-ADClaimTransformLink             Set-ADClaimTransformPolicy           Set-ADClaimType                      Set-ADComputer
Set-ADDefaultDomainPasswordPolicy    Set-ADDomain                         Set-ADDomainMode                     Set-ADFineGrainedPasswordPolicy
Set-ADForest                         Set-ADForestMode                     Set-ADGroup                          Set-ADObject
Set-ADOrganizationalUnit             Set-ADReplicationConnection          Set-ADReplicationSite                Set-ADReplicationSiteLink
Set-ADReplicationSiteLinkBridge      Set-ADReplicationSubnet              Set-ADResourceProperty               Set-ADResourcePropertyList
Set-ADServiceAccount                 Set-ADUser                           Show-ADAuthenticationPolicyExpres... Sync-ADObject
Test-ADServiceAccount                Uninstall-ADServiceAccount           Unlock-ADAccount
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